汉娜·阿伦特“世界”概念浅析

An Analysis of Hannah Arendt's Concept of the"World"

阿伦特的“世界”不同于地球、自然,它属于人类创造、由人工制品(从建筑物、生产/生活工具到各种制度、文学艺术等)构成的广义的文化。同时,世界不是单个人的世界,而是所有人的世界,是复数之人于其中交往对话、相互向对方呈现自己的公共空间。世界的现实性和自我的现实性只有通过与别人分享在世界中的经验才能获得。世界之所以能够独立于生生灭灭的自然循环,连接起过去、现在、未来,并赋予人稳定的现实感与身份认同,极大地得益于它的持久性,世界的持久性为人提供了抵制自己生命无益性(短暂性)的保证。最后,世界的持久性和人的不死性都是世俗的,它从根本上区别于宗教意义上的永恒。

Different from the earth and nature,Hannah Arendt's concept of the"world"belongs to the broader culture created by human beings and composed of artifacts(from buildings,tools of production/living to various institutions,literature,and art,etc.).At the same time,the"world"is not the world of a single person,but the world of all people,a public space in which plural people interact and dialogue with each other,presenting themselves to each other.The reality of the"world"and the reality of the self can only be gained by sharing the experience of being in the world with others.The"world"is independent from the natural cycle of birth and death,its ability to connect past,present,and future,and its ability to give people a stable sense of reality and identity,is greatly facilitated by its durability,which provides people with a guarantee against the futility(transience)of their lives.Finally,both the world's durability and man's immortality are secular,which fundamentally distinguishes it from eternity in the religious sense(eternal,eternalness).