以色列工党社会民主主义意识形态的右倾嬗变及其影响

The Rightward Transmutation of Israeli Labor Party's Social Democratic Ideology and Its Critical Influences

以色列工党的社会民主主义意识形态寓于劳工犹太复国主义之中,是促成以色列建国与存续的关键思潮,也是中东地区代表性的社会民主主义思潮。由于受到理论实践环境变迁、所属政党类型特征、社会民主主义理论特质等因素共同驱动,这一思潮呈现出右倾嬗变趋势,并由此具体区分为建设性社会主义、左翼价值观、社会民主主义等不同发展阶段。究其根源,以色列工党社会主义观的修正和改良导致其社会民主主义意识形态的价值理念、目标追求和实践路径相应改变,进而致使该思潮所蕴含的左、右翼元素此消彼长,意识形态光谱位置持续向右偏移。在犹太复国主义运动中和以色列建国初期,以色列工党的社会民主主义意识形态曾经是用以指导当地社会建构与经济建设的重要理论工具,也是以色列工党用以壮大社会基础、塑造社会共识的思想法宝之一。而在此之后,这一思潮的右倾嬗变进一步广泛并且深刻地影响了以色列的政坛格局、社会面貌以及国家发展和治理模式。特别是近年来,这一思想的右倾幅度加剧,客观上推动以色列社会呈现结构性右倾,并对以色列工党的政坛发展产生了复杂影响。

As one of the fundamental elements of Labor Zionism,Israeli Labor Party's social democratic ideology is the key thought that contributes to the founding and survival of Israel,and is also the representative social democratic thought of the Middle East.Due to changes in the social environment,Israeli Labor Party's transformation,and the social democratic theory's characteristics,the ideology presents the rightward transmutation.Israeli Labor Party's revisionist understanding of socialism promotes the corresponding changes of its social democratic ideology's visions,goal pursuits and practical paths,which decreases the ideology's left-winged elements while increases the right-winged ones,pushing its ideological spectrum's position moving continuously rightward.The ideology's rightward transmutation is an ideological element shaping the political and social life of Israel,which has profoundly influenced the political pattern,social outlook,national development and governance mode of the state.In the recent years,the rightward trend of this doctrine has been greatly intensified,which further pushes Israeli society to the structural rightward trend,and has a complex impact on the political performance of the Israeli Labor Party.