外泌体参与病毒性肝炎发病机制的研究进展

Research progress on pathogenesis of exosomes involved in viral hepatitis

外泌体作为病毒感染中细胞间通信的重要介质,在病毒传播、免疫调控中发挥重要作用。本文简述了外泌体在肝脏中的生物学功能,介绍了各型肝细胞分泌的外泌体在生理或病理状态下的功能。阐述了外泌体在甲肝病毒及戊肝病毒分泌、释放中的作用;外泌体可参与乙肝病毒的复制和传播、调节宿主的免疫应答、参与抗病毒应答;还可介导丙肝病毒的复制及抗病毒过程、调节宿主的免疫应答,并可促进丙型肝炎炎症进展及纤维化。深入研究外泌体在肝脏中的产生、释放、靶向及与靶细胞间的作用机制,可为进一步探索外泌体作为治疗肝脏疾病的新途径提供理论依据。

As an important mediator of intercellular communication in viral infections,exosome plays a crucial role in virus transmission and immune regulation.This article briefly describes the biological functions of exosome in the liver and introduces the functions of exosome secreted by various types of liver cells in physiological or pathological states.This article elaborates on the role of exosome in the secretion and release of hepatitis A virus and hepatitis E virus;Exosome can participate in replication and transmission of hepatitis B virus,regulate host immune response,and participate in antiviral response;It can also mediate the replication and antiviral process of hepatitis C virus,regulate the host's immune response,and promote the progression of hepatitis C inflammation and fibrosis.This article delves into the mechanism of production,release,targeting,and interaction with target cells of exosome in the liver,provides theoretical basis for further exploring exosome as a new pathway for treating liver diseases.