基于数据挖掘探究《外台秘要方》治疗外感发热用药规律

Medication Rules of Wai Tai Mi Yao Fang in Treating Externally-Contracted Fever Based on Data Mining

目的:探究《外台秘要方》治疗外感发热的用药规律。方法:选取《外台秘要方》卷一至四关于外感发热的方剂,提取频次≥7次的高频药物,对药物进行聚类分析与关联规则分析。结果:共纳入55首方剂,药物86味。药物使用频次较高的有甘草、黄芩、淡豆豉、生姜、桂枝等;药味以苦为主,药性以寒、微寒为主。聚类分析发现甘草-麦冬-白芍-大枣-生姜-茯苓、石膏-麻黄-葛根-桂枝、柴胡-黄芩-大黄-芒硝、栀子-淡豆豉4首核心处方。关联分析发现了28个关联规则,其中(葱白→淡豆豉)、(甘草、生姜→大枣)分别具有最高的提升度。结论:本研究初步揭示了《外台秘要方》治疗外感发热的用药规律,治疗上具有顾护脾胃、调和营卫,解肌清热,和解少阳兼清阳明热证以及清宣郁热等多种特点。

Objective:To explore the medication rules of Wai Tai Mi Yao Fang(Arcane Essentials from the Imperial Library) in treating externally-contracted fever based on data mining.Methods:The prescriptions about externally-contracted fever in Volume Ⅰ to Volume Ⅳ of Wai Tai Mi Yao Fang were included,and the high-frequency Chinese herbs with a frequency of and over seven were extracted,and the clustering analysis and association rule analysis were carried out.Results:A total of 55 prescriptions and 86 kinds Chinese herbs were included.Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Scutellariae Radix,Sojae Semen Praeparatum,Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens,and Cinnamomi Ramulus were frequently used;the flavor was mainly bitter,and the nature was mainly cold and slightly cold.The cluster analysis showed that there were four core prescriptions:Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Ophiopogonis Radix-Paeoniae Radix Alba-Fructus Jujubae-Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens-Poria,Gypsum Fibrosum-Ephedrae Herba-Puerariae Lobatae Radix-Cinnamomi Ramulus,Bupleuri Radix-Scutellariae Radix-Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Natrii Sulfas,Fructus Gardeniae-Sojae Semen Praeparatum.The association analysis showed twenty-eight association rules,among which(Bulbus Allii Fistulosi→Sojae Semen Praeparatum) and(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens→Jujubae Fructus) had the highest degree of enhancement.Conclusion:This study preliminary reveals the medication rules of Wai Tai Mi Yao Fang in treating externally-contracted fever,characterized by caring for the spleen and stomach,harmonizing nutritive qi and defensive qi,releasing the flesh and clearing heat,harmonizing shaoyang and clearing yangming heat,and clearing and diffusing constraint heat.