固体推进剂用单质、合金及氢化物的研究进展

Research progress of elemental, alloys and metal hydrides for solid propellant

高能燃料如铝、镁、硼等可以显著提高固体推进剂的燃烧温度及能量密度,从而提高固体火箭发动机比冲,抑制推进过程中不稳定燃烧等。本文总结了铝、镁、硼等高能燃料单质、铝镁合金等金属合金、三氢化铝等金属氢化物添加到固体推进剂中的燃烧特性及促进作用;介绍了铝的团聚、镁的低热值和硼的点火困难等问题,归纳了解决这些问题的改性方法,同时指明了今后的研究方向。

High energy fuels such as aluminum,magnesium,boron,etc.can significantly improve the combustion temperature and energy density of solid propellants,improve the specific impulse of solid rocket engines,and inhibit unstable combustion during propulsion.In this paper,the combustion characteristics and promoting effects of aluminum,magnesium,boron,aluminum magnesium alloys,aluminum hydride and other metal hydrides added to solid propellants are summarized.The problems of agglomeration of aluminum,low calorific value of magnesium and ignition difficulty of boron are introduced.The improved methods for solving these problems are summarized,and the research direction in the future is pointed out.