日本政府“印太战略”下的小多边外交评析

Minilateral Diplomacy under the Japanese Government's"Indo-Pacific"Strategy

受国内政治影响,日本外交加速转型,在“印太战略”下积极开展小多边外交。该外交具有对内互助性、对外对抗性、日美中心性、议题安全化、合作网络化等特征,意在弥补自身实力不足,联合制衡中国崛起,降低对美安全依存度。日本政府小多边外交是冷战思维在全球化背景下的具体体现,其行为激化了中国周边地区矛盾与分歧,阻碍了互利性经贸合作,为日本摆脱战后体制提供外部环境。从根本上看,日本政府小多边外交面临着各机制合作差异化、内生不确定性、日美地位不对称、中国影响力日益增强等制约因素,其意图与成效存在割裂。

As Japan's shift to the right intensifies,the Japanese government has accelerated its diplomatic transformation and carries out multi-layered minilateral diplomacy under the"Indo-Pacific"strategy.This diplomacy aims to make up for Japan's lack of power,unite other countries to balance China's rise and reduce Japan's security dependence on the United States.It has the characteristics of internal mutual assistance,external antagonism,Japan-US centrality,securitization of issues,and networking of cooperation.From a macrohistorical perspective,Japan's minilateral diplomacy is a concrete manifestation of the Cold War thinking in the context of globalization,which intensifies the differences and contradictions in China's surrounding areas,hinders mutually beneficial economic and trade cooperation,and provides an external environment for Japan to escape from the postwar regime.Japan's minilateral diplomacy is faced with constraints such as differences in cooperation mechanisms,endogenous uncertainties,asymmetrical status between Japan and the United States,and increasing influence of China.Therefore,it will inevitably make the Japanese government's minilateral diplomacy ineffective.China could do a lot in countering minilateral diplomacy that is highly oriented towards China.