森林保险实施情况、发展困境与优化策略——以河南省为例

Implementation of Forest Insurance,Development Dilemma and Optimization Strategy:Take Henan Province as An Example

我国自2009年起实施森林保险中央财政保费补贴试点政策,森林保险参保面积和保费规模不断扩大,河南省自2012年起开始实施森林保险试点工作。以河南省为例,总结森林保险发展情况和目前的发展困境。研究发现:自试点以来,河南省森林保险覆盖率稳步上升,但公益林保险与商品林保险发展相对不均衡,商品林保险参保面积和参保率长期处于较低水平,现行森林保险产品难以满足实际风险管理需要,森林保险整体赔付率较低,保险风险补偿功能和产品创新能力亟待提升。因此,从优化森林保险运行机制、创新保险产品、改进保险定价方式、提高保险服务质量等方面提出对策建议,为河南省及全国森林保险高质量发展提供参考。

Since 2009,China has implemented the pilot policy of central financial premium subsidy for forest insurance,the area and scale of forest insurance premiums have been expanding,and Henan Province has begun to implement the pilot work of forest insurance since 2012.Taking Henan Province as an example,this paper summarizes the development of forest insurance and the current development dilemma.The results show that since the pilot,the coverage rate of forest insurance in Henan Province has increased steadily,but the development of public welfare forest insurance and commercial forest insurance is relatively unbalanced,the insured area and participation rate of commercial forest insurance have been at a low level for a long time,the current forest insurance products are difficult to meet the actual risk management needs,the overall loss ratio of forest insurance is low,and the insurance risk compensation function and product innovation ability need to be improved urgently.Therefore,this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of optimizing the operation mechanism of forest insurance,innovating insurance products,improving insurance pricing methods,and improving the quality of insurance services,so as to provide reference for the high-quality development of forest insurance in Henan Province and the whole country.