固相搅拌摩擦沉积增材制造技术研究进展

Research Progress on Solid-State Additive Friction Stir Deposition Manufacturing Technology

搅拌摩擦沉积增材(Additive friction stir deposition,AFSD)是一种先进的固相增材制造(Additive manufacturing, AM)技术。与传统基于熔融的增材制造技术相比,它具有增材结构致密、材料低变形和过程高效节能等优势,在航空装备制造、交通运输、机械制造等领域拥有广阔的应用前景。本文综述了AFSD技术的原理、优势、组织演变特点和应用情况。重点介绍了AFSD过程中“工艺条件-微观组织-力学性能”相关性的研究现状,沉积材料力学性能受材料流动状态、界面连接机制、微观组织演变情况的综合影响。列举了AFSD技术在大型构件整体制造、高性能涂层、表面缺陷修复等领域的应用。最后,对AFSD技术进行了展望,指出该技术在工艺与组织变化耦合、原位变形条件模拟、工具头设计和新材料增材等方面需进一步研究和突破。

Additive friction stir deposition(AFSD)is an advanced solid-state additive manufacturing(AM)technology.Compared with traditional melt-based additive manufacturing techniques,AFSD offers several advantages including a dense additive structure,low material deformation,high process efficiency and energy savings.It has extensive applications in aerospace equipment manufacturing,transportation,mechanical manufacturing,and other fields.This paper presents a review of the principles,superiorities,microstructure evolution characteristics,and applications of AFSD technology.The focus is on the current research status regarding the correlation between“process conditions-microstructure-mechanical properties”during the AFSD process,and the mechanical properties of deposited materials are affected by the flow state of materials,interfacial connection mechanism,and microstructural evolution.The applications of the AFSD technology in integral manufacturing of large components,high-performance coatings,and surface defect repair are listed.Finally,the prospects of the AFSD technology are discussed,pointing out that further research and breakthroughs are needed in areas such as coupling of process parameters with microstructural changes,in-situ deformation condition simulation,tool head design,and additive manufacturing of new materials.