套种广金钱草对幼龄茶园的影响

Effects of Interplant of Desmodium styracifolium in Young Tea Garden

探究梯壁套种广金钱草(Desmodium styracifolium)对幼龄茶园杂草和茶树生长的影响,为“茶树+中草药”套种模式提供参考依据。通过在幼龄茶园梯壁套种广金钱草,并以清耕为对照,调查茶苗生长、杂草生长及广金钱草生长变化情况。结果表明:在套种广金钱草3个月后,茶园杂草密度和地上部鲜重较对照分别下降48.71%和34.40%,对茶园杂草株防效和盖度防效为48.71%和5.19%。在套种广金钱草15个月后,套种广金钱草的区域杂草种类数、密度、地上部鲜重和总覆盖度分别较对照下降50.00%、80.18%、86.39%和87.58%,且与对照呈显著性差异;对茶园杂草的株防效和盖度防效为80.18%和87.58%,与套种3个月相比呈显著性差异;广金钱草株高、根系长度和覆盖度达58.5 cm、32.8 cm和96.0%,茶园单位面积的广金钱草鲜重和干重达14800.4 kg/hm^(2)和4810.1 kg/hm^(2),可增收3.84×104元/hm^(2);但对茶苗植株高度和径粗无明显影响。因此,在幼龄茶园梯壁套种广金钱草,能有效防控茶园杂草,增加山地茶园护坡能力并减少水土流失,提高幼龄茶园经济收入,值得在生产上进一步推广应用。

To study effects of interplant of Desmodium styracifolium in the terrace wall on growth of weeds and tea trees in young tea garden,so as to provide a reference for the"tea tree+Chi‐nese herbal medicine"interplant model.Through interplanting D.styracifolium in terrace wall of the young tea garden,with clear ploughing as CK,the growth of tea seedlings,weeds and D.styracifo‐lium were investigated.Results showed that:3 months after interplanting D.styracifolium,density and aboveground fresh weight of weeds decreased by 48.71%and 34.40%compared with that of CK,and the control effectiveness and coverage of weeds were 48.71%and 5.19%,respectively.Af‐ter 15 months,the number of weed species,the density,above ground fresh weight,and total cover‐age of weeds decreased by 50.00%,80.18%,86.39%and 87.58%compared with CK,indicating a significant difference;and the control effectiveness and coverage of weeds were 80.18%and 87.58%,showing a significant difference compared with that of being interplanted for 3 months;the plant height,root length,and coverage of D.styracifolium reached 58.50 cm,32.80 cm and 96.0%.The fresh and dry weight of D.styracifolium per unit of area in the tea garden reached 14800.40 kg/hm^(2) and 4810.10 kg/hm^(2),bringing an increase of income by 3.84×104yuan/hm^(2).But there were no significant effect on the height and stem diameter of tea seedlings compared with that of CK.Therefore,interplanting D.styracifolium in young tea garden terrace wall can control weeds,improve slope protection capacity and reduce soil erosion,increase income of young tea gardens,proving such method worthes further popularization and application in production.