孕晚期妇女母胎依恋现状及其与分娩恐惧的相关性研究

Status Quo of Maternal-Fetal Attachment in Late Pregnancy and Its Correlation with Fear of Childbirth

目的了解孕晚期妇女母胎依恋现状,分析其影响因素,并探讨其与分娩恐惧的相关性,为实施干预措施提供科学的依据。方法2023年1-2月,采用便利抽样法选取济南市某三级甲等医院就诊的孕晚期妇女329名为研究对象,采用分娩态度量表、产前依恋问卷等对其调查。结果孕晚期妇女分娩恐惧总分为(29.12±6.39)分,母胎依恋总分为(48.54±7.85)分。不同年龄、胎次、文化程度以及是否计划内妊娠、有无孕期并发症和孕期抑郁情绪等的孕晚期妇女,母胎依恋得分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。分娩恐惧与母胎依恋得分呈负相关(r=-0.471,P<0.001)。年龄、胎次、长期居住地、文化程度、是否计划内妊娠、孕期睡眠时间≥10 h/d、有无孕期并发症和孕期抑郁情绪是母胎依恋的主要影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论孕晚期妇女分娩恐惧和母胎依恋处于中等水平,两者呈负相关。医护人员可采取针对性的干预预防孕妇分娩恐惧,从而改善母胎依恋关系。

Objective To investigate the status quo of maternal-fetal attachment in late pregnant women,analyze the influencing factors,and explore its correlation with fear of childbirth,so as to provide scientific basis for implementing intervention measures.Methods A total of 329 women in the late pregnancy from a tertiary A hospital in Jinan were selected as subjects by convenience sampling method.Childbirth attitude scale and prenatal attachment questionnaire were used to investigate the subjects.Results The total score of fear of childbirth and maternal-fetal attachment was(29.12±6.39)and(48.54±7.85).There were significant differences in maternal-fetal attachment scores among women with different age,parity,education level,planned pregnancy,pregnancy complications and depression during pregnancy(all P<0.05).Fear of childbirth was negatively correlated with maternal fetal attachment score(r=-0.471,P<0.001).Age,parity,long-term residence,education level,planned pregnancy,sleep duration during pregnancy≥10 h/d,pregnancy complications and depression during pregnancy were the influencing factors of maternal-fetal attachment(all P<0.05).Conclusions The fear of childbirth and maternal-fetal attachment in late pregnancy are at a medium level with negatively correlated.Medical personnel can take targeted intervention measures to prevent the occurrence of fear of childbirth,so as to improve the maternal-fetal attachment.