德国企业参与现代学徒制的运行机制及思考

The Operating Mechanism and Reflection on the Participation of German Enterprises in Modern Apprenticeship System

德国职业教育的成功离不开当地企业的积极参与。在德国,促进企业参与现代学徒制的激励机制是由完善的法律体系、企业平衡收入、多元协同治理模式、企业合作办学和良好的社会文化环境等方面构成的。当前,我国在发展双元制的同时,可适当借鉴德国职业教育的成功经验,通过分析2023年德国职业教育报告及搜集资料得出,我国可通过建立健全法律体系、充分发挥行会协会作用、灵活运用经济与非经济手段、转变社会就业观念等方式促进我国职业教育发展。

The success of German vocational education cannot be achieved without the active participation of local enterprises.In Germany,the incentive mechanism to promote enterprises to participate in modern apprenticeship is composed by the perfect legal system,enterprise income balance,multiple collaborative governance model,enterprise cooperation in running schools and good social and cultural environment.At present,we can properly draw on the successful experience of German vocational education while developing the dual system in China.From the analysis of German vocational education reports and collected data in 2023,it is found that we can promote the development of the vocational education in China by establishing a sound legal system,giving full play to the role of guild associations,making flexible use of economic and non-economic means,and changing the social concept of employment.