突发公共卫生事件下基层公共卫生应急体系建设实践与思考

Practice and reflection on establishing grassroots public health preparedness and response system during public health emergencies

为探讨基层公共卫生应急体系建设路径和方向、提高重大突发公共卫生事件应对处置能力、为基层公共卫生应急体系建设提供借鉴,对各地区在应对新冠疫情过程中暴露出的卫生应急体系存在的财政投入不足、高端应急人才匮乏、疾病预防控制队伍稳定性欠缺、“一锤定音”能力不强、保障机制不健全、信息化建设滞后等问题进行剖析。同时,对滨州市改革完善疾病预防控制体系、健全完善监测预警和联防联控机制、强化基层医疗机构公共卫生职能和人才队伍保障、强化应急物资和设施设备储备等方面的主要做法、取得的主要成效进行总结,提出营造支持性社会环境;强化队伍建设,保持疾病预防控制体系长期良性发展活力;健全优化内部激励机制,激发疾病预防控制体系内生动力;强化大数据技术应用,为公共卫生应急处置赋能等建议。

To explore the construction path of grassroots public health preparedness and response systems,and to improve the ability to respond to major public health emergencies and provide insights for the development of grassroots public health preparedness and response systems.This study analyzed the insufficient financial investment in the health emergency system during the response to the COVID-19 pandemic,lack of high-end emergency talents and stability in disease prevention and control teams,instability in disease prevention and control teams,weak decision-making abilities,incomplete safeguard mechanisms,and delayed information technology development and gives them a deep analysis.Furthermore,this study summarized the main practices and achievements,including the strategies of Binzhou City in enhancing disease prevention and control,strengthening monitoring,optimizing joint prevention and control mechanisms,reinforcing public health functions at the grassroots level,supporting talent within grassroots medical institutions,and strengthen the reserve of emergency supplies,facilities and equipment,etc.The following suggestions are proposed:firstly,fostering a supportive social environment;secondly,sustaining the long-term vitality of the disease prevention and control system through team reinforcement;thirdly,optimizing internal incentive mechanisms to stimulate intrinsic motivation within the system;and lastly,harnessing the potential of big data technology to empower effective public health emergency response.