重庆市涪陵区噪声作业人群听力损失影响因素分析

Influencing factors on hearing loss of workers exposed to noise in Fuling District, Chongqing City

目的探讨重庆市涪陵区噪声作业人群听力损失的影响因素。方法采用横断面研究方法,对3297名噪声作业工人进行纯音听力测试和问卷调查,并进行影响因素分析。结果男性、较大年龄、较长接噪工龄、初中及以下文化程度、清溪或其他园区、微型企业是双耳高频听力损失的危险因素,劳动者知晓噪声对听力有影响、企业安排工间休息是双耳高频听力损失的保护因素。结论噪声作业人群双耳高频听力损失是企业、劳动者多重因素共同作用的结果,良好的劳动者个人行为和企业行为有利于减少双耳高频听力损失的发生。

Objective To explore the influencing factors of hearing loss of workers who were exposed to noise in Fuling District, Chongqing City. Methods A cross-sectional study was used in the study. Pure-tone hearing test and questionnaire survey were conducted on 3 297 workers who were exposed to noise. The influencing factors were analyzed. Results Male, older age, longer working years exposed to noise, education level in junior high school or below,Qingxi or other industrial parks, and micro enterprises were the risk factors of binaural high-frequency hearing loss. That workers knew that noise had an impact on hearing, and enterprises arranged breaks were protective factors of binaural high-frequency hearing loss. Conclusion Binaural high-frequency hearing can be influenced by multiple factors of enterprises and workers. Good behaviors of workers and enterprise are conducive to reducing the binaural highfrequency hearing loss.