五轴测量复杂曲面粗糙度及其无干涉方法

Five-axis measurement of complex surface roughness and its interference-free method

针对航空复杂零件粗糙度检测难题,利用五轴测量机灵活性高、可达域广的特点,搭载粗糙度传感器,研究复杂曲面粗糙度测量方法。首先分析粗糙度传感器与工件位置的关系;然后研究传感器和工件的干涉判断方法,求解粗糙度五轴测量中测杆无干涉方位,对粗糙度可测区域进行预测;最后通过离心叶轮关键部位粗糙度检测实验验证算法的可行性和准确性。实验表明,基于五轴测量机的复杂曲面粗糙度检测是一种可行的接触式粗糙度检测方法,无干涉算法能够精确预测可测区域,在实现复杂零件关键部位粗糙度量化表达的同时大幅提高检测效率。

The surface quality of aerospace complex parts directly affects the performance and service life of aero engines.Surface roughness as one of the important parameters to measure the surface quality,its detection method is very critical.Aiming at the difficult problem of roughness measurement of aeronautical complex parts,the roughness measurement of complex curved surface was studied by using the five-axis measuring machine,which had high flexibility and wide reachability.The relationship between roughness sensor and workpiece position was analyzed.The interference check method between sensor and workpiece was studied,and the non-interference orientation of stylus in five axis roughness measurement was solved,so as to predict the measurable area of roughness.The feasibility and accuracy of the model were verified through the roughness inspection experiments of the key parts of the centrifugal impeller.The results showed that the complex surface roughness detection based on five-axis measuring machine was a feasible detection method.The interference-free algorithm could accurately predict the measurable area,which made it possible to quantify the roughness of the key parts of complex parts,while the detection efficiency was greatly improved.