数往知来、守正创新:从江汉平原管窥中国城市八景的保护与更新

Knowing the Future by Thinking of the Past,and Innovating on the Basis of What Has Worked in the Past:A View of the Protection and Renewal of Urban Eight Scenes in China from the Jianghan Plain

城市八景在幅员辽阔的国土空间中有大量的物质与非物质文化遗存,然而其保护与更新在理论上鲜有论及,实践上则五花八门。基于此,立足“守正创新”视野,以时间为线索、以江汉平原为例,围绕历史上城市八景的保护与更新、当代遗产体系中城市八景的保护、当代非遗产类城市八景的保护与更新3个方面的实践经验进行考察,提出:1)顺变型是中国历史上城市八景“守正创新”的主流;2)我国自然与文化遗产保护体系是城市八景“守正”传承的重要基石;3)保护性更新、新八景评选中的新旧并存、发掘八景中的非遗内涵是“守正创新”正道等的经验总结。以此拓展对八景保护与更新的认识,并丰富我国风景园林遗产学科的内涵。

There are a large number of tangible and intangible cultural relics of urban eight scenes in the vast national space,but their conservation and renewal are rarely discussed in theory.Meanwhile,there are a variety of manifestations in practice.Based on the vision of"innovating on the basis of what has worked in the past",three aspects of practical experience are investigated on time clues taking the Jianghan Plain the example:the conservation and renewal of urban eight scenes in history,the conservation of urban eight scenes in the contemporary heritage system,and the conservation and renewal of urban eight scenes in the non-heritage category in contemporary practice.This article proposes that:1)The conformist type is the mainstream of the"innovating on the basis of what has worked in the past"of urban eight scenes in China's history.2)The protection system of China's natural and cultural heritage is the important cornerstone of the"innovating on the basis of what has worked in the past"heritage of urban eight scenes.3)The protective renewal,the co-existence of the old and the new in the selection of new eight scenes,and the exploration of the non-heritage connotation of eight scenes,etc.,are the experience summary of the right way to"innovate on the basis of what has worked in the past".In this way,it expands the understanding of the conservation and renewal of urban eight scenes and enriches the connotation of the discipline of Landscape Architecture Heritage in China.