一种基于多维度生态评估的自然保护地边界优化方法——以三江源国家公园黄河源园区为例

A Multi-dimensional Ecological AssessmentMethod to Reconfigure Protected Area Boundary:An Empirical Study in Huanghe River Source Parkin Sanjiangyuan National Park

科学准确划定自然保护地边界是设立保护地及制定和实施保护管理措施的首要前提,厘清自然保护地边界是在整合优化自然保护地的过程中首要解决的问题。以生物多样性与生态系统服务双保护为目标,基于In VEST和SWAT模型综合评估生态系统服务,并基于生物完整性等级(Degree of Biological Integrity,DBI)和生态增强因子(Enhancement Factor,EF)评估了保护成本及生态效益,提出了一种自然保护地的边界优化方法。基于这种方法将三江源国家公园黄河源园区的现有边界优化为涵盖总体自然边界、核心生态边界与管理边界的多重边界,从而使生态系统服务得到最大限度的保护,使生物多样性保护得到一定程度的加强,并同时考虑管理效益,确保新增保护成本较低。

The scientific and accurate delineation of nature reserve boundaries is the primary prerequisite for the establishment of reserves and the development and implementation of conservation management measures.Clarifying the boundaries of nature reserves is the primary issue to be addressed in the process of integrating and optimizing nature reserves.Aiming at biodiversity conservation and ecosystem service conservation,this study integrates the assessment of ecosystem services based on InVEST&SWAT and evaluates the ecological benefits and costs of conservation based on the degree of biological integrity(DBI)and the enhancement factor(EF).A method for reconfiguring the boundary of nature reserve is proposed.Based on this methodology,the boundary of Huanghe River Source Park(HRSP)is reconfigured,including the total natural boundary,core ecological boundary and management boundary.This has resulted in maximum protection of ecosystem services.It has also led to enhanced biodiversity conservation.In addition to this,it has ensured that the cost of additional conservation is low.