应急物流研究现状及其未来发展趋势

Current Status of Emergency Logistics Research and Its Future Development Trends

使用CiteSpace软件对近20年发表的应急物流相关文献进行了可视化分析,认为我国应急物流研究主要分成了三个阶段:2001-2013年为上升阶段;2014-2019年为下降阶段,2020-2021年为二次上升阶段;应急物流研究质量有待进一步提升;研究机构、发文作者之间的合作相对较少;目前研究的前沿是鲁棒优化、区块链等。同时,从应急物资储备方式、应急物流体系建设、应急物资配送等方面对一些学者的观点进行了总结。并指出目前我国应急物流研究存在的问题,如:研究具有滞后性和被动性;整体研究水平较低,创新性较弱;研究中考虑的因素较为单一,且较少从受灾群众的角度分析问题,等。最后提出相关建议,包括:针对应急物流进行持续研究;作者和机构之间要形成跨学科、跨专业、跨地区的合作关系;研究中应当综合考虑可能影响应急物流的各个因素;充分调查受灾群众的意见;考虑事件发生的不确定性,做出尽量全面、科学的研究。

In recent years,frequent occurrence of outbreak events has exposed people to great threat and caused huge economic losses,making us aware of the importance of emergency rescue.However,in China we still have much to improve in terms of emergency logistics response,which fundamentally can be put down to the lack of a comprehensive emergency logistics management system and effective emergency response capabil⁃ities in China.In order to better analyze the current research status and development trends of"emergency logistics",with the academic journals in China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)as the data source and"emer⁃gency logistics"as the search subject words,this paper has a visual analysis of the key words,authorship,and af⁃filiation respectively of effective literature,and reaches the following conclusions:the researches on emergency logistics in China can mainly be divided into three stages:the 2001-2013 rising stage,2014-2019 declining stage,and 2020-2021 resurging stage;the core journals account for a small proportion of the total publication on this subject,whose changing trend is consistent with that of the overall number of published articles,and the quality of research needs to be further improved;there is scarce contact and cooperation between the research institutions and authors;at present,the frontier of the Chinese research on emergency logistics include robust optimization,and blockchain,etc.Many scholars have approached emergency logistics from aspects such as re⁃serve method of emergency supply,emergency logistics system construction,and emergency material distribu⁃tion,etc.,and have proposed the corresponding solutions.But in general,the current emergency logistics re⁃search in China is lagged and passive,and slow in progress,making it difficult to effectively deal with changing emergencies;the overall research level is low,lacking in innovation or interdisciplinary exchange and coopera⁃tion;the majority of the researches only focus on a small number of factors,which is inconsistent with the actu⁃al scenarios of emergency logistics application,reducing the relevancy of the researches in practice;the existing body of research mainly examine route optimization,the agent of material distribution,the selection of algo⁃rithms and models,and the disaster per se,which are all from a management perspective and neglect consider⁃ation of the disaster-stricken people.In response to the above shortcomings,this paper puts forward the relevant suggestions,including:contin⁃uous research should be conducted on emergency logistics;interdisciplinary,trans-specialty,and cross-re⁃gional cooperative relationships should be formed between authors and institutions;more factors with possible impact on emergency logistics should be comprehensively considered in research to restore the real post-disas⁃ter situation to the greatest extent;fully investigate the opinions of the affected people and consider their needs and psychological conditions to make more scientific conclusions and decisions;and fully consider the uncer⁃tainty of the event and make the research as comprehensive and scientific as possible.