环鄱阳湖地区水稻种植农户农药减量意愿影响因素分析

Analysis on Influencing Factors of Farmers′Willingness to Reduce Pesticide in Rice-Growing Areas Around Poyang Lake

科学施用农药是实现我国农业绿色化生产的基石,识别农户农药减量意愿的影响因素对于科学施药具有重要意义。基于环鄱阳湖地区水稻种植农户的调查数据,运用独立样本T检验和Logistic模型方法,分析不同特征农户的农药减量意愿差异及意愿影响因素。独立样本T检验结果表明,农户农药减量意愿在不同年龄、受教育程度、种植规模、地块数量、确权获证和农药减量政策认识下存在显著差异。计量检验结果表明,年龄、受教育程度、种植规模、地块数量、确权获证、农药减量政策认知、农业收入占比和农药施用频率均显著影响农户的农药减量意愿,其中年龄、受教育程度、种植规模、确权获证和农药减量政策认知的影响方向为正,地块数量、农业收入占比和农药施用频率的影响方向为负。为此,政府在开展农药减量培训与技术指导时应适度向年轻和低学历农户倾斜;鼓励和培育新型规模经营;进一步落实农地确权发证,并加强农药减量政策宣传。

The scientific application of pesticide is the cornerstone of the realization of green agricultural production in China.It is of great significance to identify the determinants of farmers′willingness to reduce pesticide for scientific application.Based on the survey data of rice farmers in the Poyang Lake area,the independent sample T-test and Logistic model are used to analyze the differences and determinants of pesticide reduction willingness of farmers with different characteristics.The independent sample T-test results show that farmers′willingness to reduce pesticide is significantly different in different age,education level,planting scale,number of plots,right confirmation and recognition of pesticide reduction policies.Further quantitative tests show that age,education level,planting scale,number of plots,certification of rights,recognition of pesticide reduction policies,proportion of agricultural income and frequency of pesticide application all significantly affect farmers′willingness to reduce pesticide,of which,age,education level,planting scale,certification of rights and recognition of pesticide reduction policies have a positive impact,while the number of plots,proportion of agricultural income and frequency of pesticide application have a negative impact.For this reason,the government should be moderately inclined to young and low-educated farmers while conducting pesticide reduction training and technical guidance;new large-scale operation organizations should be encouraged and cultivated;the confirmation and certification of agricultural land rights should be further implemented and the publicity of pesticide reduction policies should be strengthened.