论陶渊明《闲情赋》的互文书写

On the Intertextuality of Tao Yuanming′s Quieting the Passions

以法国文艺理论家克里斯蒂娃提出的互文性为理论支撑,从抒情主旨、创作范式、美人意象等方面,分析互文性视角下《闲情赋》对其他文本的转化、重复等情况。通过分析发现,《闲情赋》文本内容存在三种特殊互文。它们体现在陶渊明不同作品之间、《闲情赋》与同题写作文本之间、《闲情赋》与其他前代文献之间。其中,第一种属于“内部互文”,后两种属于“外部互文”,它们共同构成了《闲情赋》的“互文性”。首先,《闲情赋》所体现的对时光流逝的焦虑感、对于知音的渴求,同陶渊明诗中惯有的抒情主旨同调;其次,《闲情赋》在标题、句式等篇章结构上基本遵循同题写作文本的范式;最后,从标题来看,《闲情赋》当归属闲邪类辞赋,但其实际的写作内容更趋向于神女类辞赋,可将其视为两种类型的结合,体现了陶渊明在互文写作上颇具创见的文思。

Based on the theory of intertextuality proposed by the French literary theorist Kristeva,this paper analyzes the transformation,repetition and difference of Tao Yuanming′s Quieting the Passions to other texts from the aspects of lyric theme,creation paradigm and beauty image.Through analysis,it is found that there are three kinds of special intertexts in the text content of Quieting the Passions,which are embodied in different works of Tao Yuanming,between Quieting the Passions and other texts written on the same topic,and between Quieting the Passions and the previous literature.The first one belongs to"internal intertextuality",and the last two belong to"external intertextuality",which together constitute the"intertextuality"of Quieting the Passions.Firstly,the anxiety about the passage of time and the desire for a bosom friend reflected in this poem are in tune with the usual lyric theme in Tao Yuanming′s poems.Secondly,the title and sentence structure of Quieting the Passions basically follow the paradigm of writing texts on the same topic.Finally,judging from the title of Quieting the Passions,it should belong to the category of leisure evil Fu,but the actual writing content is more inclined to the goddess Fu.It can be regarded as the combination of these two types,reflecting Tao Yuanming′s creative idea on intertext writing.