水性饰面型防火涂料的制备及其耐火性能研究

Preparation of waterborne finishing fire-retardant paint and study on its fire retardancy

[目的]配方对防火涂料的性能有很大影响。[方法]以苯丙乳液和硅溶胶作为基料,聚磷酸铵、季戊四醇和三聚氰胺作为阻燃体系,二氧化钛作为颜填料,六偏磷酸钠作为分散剂,磷酸三丁酯作为消泡剂,羧甲基纤维素作为增稠剂,研制了一种适用于钢结构的水性饰面型复合膨胀防火涂料。利用模拟大板燃烧试验考察了各组分的质量分数对涂料性能的影响,并采用扫描电镜(SEM)对防火涂层燃烧后的微观结构进行表征。[结果]最佳配方为:苯丙乳液20.0%,硅溶胶4.0%,聚磷酸铵27.0%,季戊四醇22.0%,三聚氰胺21.0%,颜填料4.0%,助剂2.0%。此时涂料的耐燃时间长达57 min,燃烧后形成的炭层致密。[结论]该涂料具有良好的防火阻燃效果。

[Introduction]The composition of fire-retardant paint has great effect on its performance.[Method]A waterborne finishing intumescent fire-retardant paint for steel structures was prepared from styrene acrylic emulsion and silica sol with a composite flame-retardant system comprising ammonium polyphosphate,pentaerythritol,and melamine,titania as pigment/filler,sodium hexametaphosphate as dispersing agent,tributyl phosphate as defoaming agent,and carboxymethylcellulose as thickening agent.The effect of the mass fraction of each component on the properties of the paint was studied by big panel combustion test.The microstructure of the char layer formed after combustion was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).[Result]The optimal composition of the paint was determined as follows:styrene acrylic emulsion 20.0%,silica sol 4.0%,ammonium polyphosphate 27.0%,pentaerythritol 22.0%,melamine 21.0%,titania 4.0%,and auxiliary agents 2.0%.The paint prepared features the longest refractory time and a compact char layer after combustion.[Conclusion]The paint has good fire retardancy.