“21世纪社会主义”思想主导下委内瑞拉贫困治理模式反思

Reflections on Venezuela's Poverty Governance Model Guided by the Thought of“21st Century Socialism”

新自由主义政策引导下的委内瑞拉贫富差距大,贫困问题严重。查韦斯上台后,展开了一场“21世纪社会主义”的玻利瓦尔革命,采取了一系列措施,有效地减少了贫困人口,初期效果显著,但其政策措施带来的长期后果却最终加剧了委内瑞拉的贫困。究其根源,在于其社会主义变革本身存在较大弊端,再加上国内的经济问题和国外的政治施压,影响了政府的有效治理,最终加剧了贫困。委内瑞拉治理贫困的关键,是要在深入推动社会主义发展道路的基础上,进行经济制度改革,发挥社会主义市场经济的作用,推动实现经济体系的多元化,改善国内外的政治环境,走可持续发展的道路。

Under the guidance of neoliberal policies,Venezuela suffers a large gap between the rich and the poor and encounters serious poverty problems.After Mr.Chavez came to power,he launched a“21st century socialism”Bolivarian revolution and adopted a series of measures to reduce poverty.They paid off remarkably at first,but the long-term consequences of these policies and measures ultimately intensified poverty in Venezuela.The root cause is the fact that its socialist revolution itself has bigger disadvantages,coupled with the domestic economic and international political pressures which hinder effective governance and ultimately exacerbate poverty.The key to the governance of poverty in Venezuela is to reform its economic system,bring into play the role of the socialist market economy,promote the diversification of the economic system,improve the political environment at home and abroad,and take the road of sustainable development along the path of in-depth promotion of the socialist development.