跑台运动对不同性别1型糖尿病小鼠代谢和慢性神经炎症的影响

Effects of treadmill exercise on metabolism and chronic neuroinflammation in type 1 diabetes mice of different sexes

背景:运动在糖尿病防治中已经得到广泛认可,有氧运动已经成为1型糖尿病治疗的重要组成部分之一,但是跑台运动对不同性别1型糖尿病代谢和慢性神经炎症的影响有待进一步探讨。目的:研究跑台运动对不同性别1型糖尿病小鼠代谢和慢性神经炎症的影响。方法:将40只C57BL/6小鼠按照性别分组为雄性组和雌性组,每组各20只,随后按照80 mg/kg连续注射链脲佐菌素3 d建立糖尿病小鼠模型。在雄性组和雌性组中各随机选取10只进行6周跑台运动设为糖尿病+运动组,另外10只设为糖尿病组。观察小鼠血清性激素、肝脏组织氧化应激、脑组织炎性因子、肝脏病理和Morris水迷宫检测行为学变化。结果与结论:(1)与糖尿病组相比,糖尿病+运动组延缓1型糖尿病小鼠的血糖升高(P<0.05),血清促卵泡激素、促黄体生成素、肝脏超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛、脑组织肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素6和白细胞介素1β水平明显下降(P<0.01),血清雌二醇、孕酮和雌激素和肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶蛋白显著升高(P<0.01,P<0.05)。(2)与雄性1型糖尿病小鼠相比,雌性1型糖尿病小鼠雌二醇水平显著较高,促黄体生成素水平较低(P<0.05)。(3)与雄性糖尿病+运动组小鼠相比,雌性糖尿病+运动组小鼠肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶水平低(P<0.05)。(4)与1型糖尿病组小鼠相比,运动训练小鼠的逃逸潜伏期持续更短(P<0.01);在雄性小鼠中,运动锻炼显著提升了1型糖尿病小鼠在目标象限所花的时间和平台穿越次数(P<0.01或P<0.05),在雌性小鼠中,运动锻炼显著提升了1型糖尿病小鼠在目标象限所花的时间(P<0.05)。(5)相关性分析表明,促卵泡激素、促黄体生成素、孕酮和超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛、肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素6和白细胞介素1β呈正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01),而雌二醇、孕酮与超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛、肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素6和白细胞介素1β呈负相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。(6)上述结果证实,跑台运动对糖尿病小鼠代谢指标和慢性神经炎症调节的影响存在性别差异,性激素是跑台运动对糖尿病小鼠代谢、炎症和认知反应的一个重要变量。

BACKGROUND:Exercise has been widely recognized in the prevention and treatment of diabetes.Aerobic exercise has become an important part of the treatment of type 1 diabetes.However,the effect of treadmill exercise on the metabolism and chronic neuroinflammation of type 1 diabetes in different sexes needs further discussion.OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of treadmill exercise on metabolism and chronic neuroinflammation in type 1 diabetes mice of different sexes.METHODS:Forty C57BL/6 mice were divided into male group and female group,with 20 mice in each group.Then,a diabetes model was established by continuous injection of streptozotocin at 80 mg/kg for 3 days.Ten rats from each group were randomly selected to perform 6-week treadmill exercise as the diabetes+exercise group and another 10 rats from each group were selected as the diabetes group.Serum sex hormones,liver tissue oxidative stress,brain tissue inflammatory factors,and liver pathology were detected,and Morris water maze was performed for the observation of behavioral changes in mice.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the diabetes group,the diabetes+exercise group delayed the rise of blood sugar in type 1 diabetes mice(P<0.05)and showed a significant reduction in serum follicle-stimulating hormone,luteinizing hormone,liver superoxide dismutase,malondialdehyde,brain tumor necrosis factorα,interleukin-6 and interleukin-1βlevels(P<0.01),while serum estradiol,progesterone,estrogen,and liver glutathione peroxidase protein levels were significantly increased(P<0.01,P<0.05).Compared with male type 1 diabetes mice,female type 1 diabetes mice had significantly higher estradiol levels and lower luteinizing hormone levels(P<0.05).Compared with the male diabetes+exercise group,the female diabetes+exercise group had lower liver glutathione peroxidase levels(P<0.05).Compared with type 1 diabetes mice,the escape latency of exercise training mice was shorter(P<0.01).In male mice,exercises significantly increased the time and platform crossing times of type 1 diabetes mice in the target quadrant(P<0.01 or P<0.05),while in female mice,exercises significantly increased the time of type 1 diabetes mice in the target quadrant(P<0.05).Correlation analysis results showed that the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone,luteinizing hormone,progesterone,superoxide dismutase,malondialdehyde,tumor necrosis factorα,and interleukin-6 were positively correlated with the level of interleukin-1β(P<0.05 or P<0.01),whereas the levels of estradiol and progesterone were negatively correlated with the levels of superoxide dismutase,malondialdehyde,tumor necrosis factorα,interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Overall,there are sex differences in the effects of treadmill exercise on metabolic indicators and chronic neuroinflammatory regulation in diabetes mice.Sex hormones are an important variable of treadmill exercise in the metabolic,inflammatory and cognitive responses in diabetes mice.