颅脑海水浸泡伤损伤机制研究进展

Damage mechanisms of craniocerebral injury with seawater immersion:a review

颅脑海水浸泡伤是一类特殊的复合型损伤,低温、高渗、高碱、高盐、细菌感染等为主要致伤原因,具有损伤机制复杂、救治困难、预后差等特点。目前,颅脑海水浸泡伤损伤机制的研究主要是通过构建动物实验模型,在组织、细胞、细胞器、分子等层面展开。但由于颅脑海水浸泡伤相比陆上单纯颅脑损伤伤情更为复杂,故其稳定的疾病模型构建不易。针对颅脑海水浸泡伤损伤机制方面的研究大多相对单一、片面,存在诸多不同观点,其具体损伤机制至今尚未明确。笔者就颅脑海水浸泡伤损伤机制的研究进展进行综述,以期促进颅脑海水浸泡伤机制的深入研究,为临床救治提供参考。

Craniocerebral injury with seawater immersion is a special kind of compound injury,with low temperature,high permeability,high alkali,high salt content,and bacterial infection being the main causes.The injury is also characterized with complex damage mechanisms,difficulty to treat,and poor prognosis.At present,the damage mechanisms of craniocerebral injury with seawater immersion are mainly studied by establishing the experimental animal models at the levels of tissue,cell,organelle,molecule,etc.However,the craniocerebral injury with seawater immersion is more complex than the simple onshore craniocerebral injury,therefore,a stable disease model is not easy to construct.Most researches on the specific injury mechanisms are relatively single and one-sided,with many different views in existence,and the damage mechanisms of craniocerebral injury with seawater immersion have hitherto not been clear.The authors reviewed the research progress in the damage mechanisms of craniocerebral injury with seawater immersion,in order to promote the in-depth study of the mechanism of craniocerebral injury with seawater immersion and provide reference for its clinical treatment.