餐厨废大豆油改性沥青性能研究

Performance of Cooking Waste Soybean Oil Modified Asphalt

公路建设消耗大量的石油资源,给节约资源、保护环境带来一定的压力。生物沥青的研发一方面促进了生物质资源的再生利用,另一方面直接或间接减少了石油沥青的开采。以餐厨废大豆油为添加剂,制备了废大豆油改性沥青。通过针入度、软化点和黏度等常规性能试验以及多重应力蠕变与恢复试验(MSCR)、线性振幅扫描试验(LAS)等流变性能探究了废大豆油对基质沥青路用性能的影响。结果表明:由于废大豆油自身轻质组分多、黏度小等物化特征,废大豆油提高了沥青的针入度,降低了沥青的软化点及黏度,并且废豆油掺量越多,这种改性效果越明显。掺入6%的废豆油能使70^(#)和90^(#)基质沥青的针入度分别提高93.2%和68.6%,使软化点分别降低7.9℃和4.9℃,使黏度分别降低31.3%和22.9%。黏度的降低改善了沥青的施工和易性,6%掺量的废豆油可使70^(#)和90^(#)沥青的拌合温度降低9.4℃和6.6℃,压实温度降低10.8℃和8.2℃。此外,废大豆油增加了沥青的不可恢复蠕变柔量,降低了变形恢复率。因此,废豆油使沥青黏性成分增加,抗高温蠕变性能降低,但增加了重复荷载下沥青的疲劳寿命。实际应用中,废豆油掺量可根据地区温度差异进行调整,应在不过多损害高温性能的同时提高低温性能或施工简易性。

Highway construction consumes a large amount of oil and stone resources,which brings certain pressure to save resources and protect the environment.The research and development of bio-asphalt have promoted the regeneration and utilization of biomass resources on the one hand,and directly or indirectly reduced the exploitation of petroleum asphalt on the other hand.In this paper,waste soybean oil modified asphalt was prepared with waste soybean oil as an additive.The influence of waste soybean oil on the road performance of base asphalt was investigated through routine performance tests such as penetration,softening point and viscosity,and rheological properties including multiple stress creep and recovery test(MSCR) and linear amplitude scanning test(LAS).The results showed that due to the physical and chemical characteristics of waste soybean oil,such as having many light components and low viscosity,waste soybean oil improved the penetration of asphalt and reduced the softening point and viscosity of asphalt.The more waste soybean oil was added,the more obvious the modification effect was.The penetration of 70^(#) and 90^(#)base asphalt increased by 93.2% and 68.6%,the softening point decreased by 7.9 ℃ and 4.9 ℃,and the viscosity decreased by 31.3% and 22.9% respectively by adding 6% waste soybean oil.The reduction of viscosity improved the workability of asphalt construction.Blending 6% waste soybean oil could reduce the mixing temperature of 70^(#) and 90^(#)asphalt by 9.4 ℃ and 6.6 ℃,and the compaction temperature by 10.8 ℃ and 8.2 ℃.In addition,waste soybean oil increased the irrecoverable creep flexibility of asphalt and reduced the deformation recovery rate.Therefore,waste soybean oil increased the viscous component of asphalt and reduced the creep resistance at high temperatures,but increased the fatigue life of asphalt under repeated load.In practical application,the amount of waste soybean oil should be adjusted according to the regional temperature,and the low-temperature performance or construction workability could be improved while not damaging the high-temperature performance too much.