经皮肾镜取石术后患者出院准备度现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on Status Quo of Patient Readiness for Discharge After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy and Its Influencing Factors

目的 分析经皮肾镜取石术(PCNL)后患者出院准备度现状及其影响因素。方法 2021年3月至2022年10月,采用方便抽样法选取莆田市第一医院收治的128例PCNL后患者作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、出院准备度量表(RHDS)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、出院指导质量量表(QDTS)对其进行调查。结果 纳入的128例PCNL后患者RHDS得分为(148.57±16.36)分;多元线性回归分析显示,年龄≥60岁、初中及以下文化程度、携带肾造瘘管、社会支持水平低、出院指导质量差是影响PCNL后患者出院准备度的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 PCNL后患者出院准备度水平尚有提升空间,临床医护人员应加强对高龄、携带肾造瘘管、文化程度及社会支持水平低等人群的关注,注重对其进行疾病健康宣教和出院指导并协助其完善社会支持系统,以提高其出院准备度水平。

Objective To analyze the status quo of patient readiness for discharge after percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL)and its influencing factors.Methods From March 2021 to October 2022,a total of 128 patients undergoing PCNL in the First Hospital of Putian City were selected by convenience sampling.They were investigated using the General Information Questionnaire,Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale(RHDS),Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS)and Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale(QDTS).Results The RHDS score of the 128 patients undergoing PCNL was(148.57±16.36)points.Multivariate linear regression analysis identified several risk factors affecting patient readiness for discharge after PCNL,including age≥60 years old,junior high school education or below,nephrostomy tube placement,limited social support and poor quality of discharge teaching(P<0.05).Conclusion There is still room for improvement in patient readiness for discharge after PCNL.Clinical healthcare providers should pay more attention to patients with risk factors such as advanced age,nephrostomy tube placement,low education level and limited social support.Then,they should provide health education,discharge instructions and assistance in improving the social support system to enhance patient readiness for discharge.