2019年广西恶性肿瘤流行情况及疾病负担分析

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of malignant tumors in Guangxi,2019

目的分析2019年广西恶性肿瘤流行情况与疾病负担特征,为广西恶性肿瘤防治提供参考。方法根据广西56个肿瘤登记地区上报的2019年肿瘤登记数据,计算2019年广西恶性肿瘤发病率、中国人口年龄标准化发病率(简称中标发病率)、死亡率、中国人口年龄标准化死亡率(简称中标死亡率),分析2019年广西恶性肿瘤发病和死亡情况;计算伤残调整生命年(disability adjusted life years,DALYs)、早死所致的寿命损失年(years of life lost,YLLs)等指标,评价2019年广西恶性肿瘤的疾病负担。结果2019年广西56个肿瘤登记地区报告恶性肿瘤新发病例数为71430例,粗发病率为219.87/10万,中标发病率为172.17/10万;报告恶性肿瘤死亡数为45485例,粗死亡率为140.01/10万,中标死亡率为105.25/10万。2019年广西全部恶性肿瘤合计损失的DALYs为660930.15人年,YLLs占DALYs的97.4%,DALYs率为2034.40/10万。2019年广西恶性肿瘤的发病率、死亡率及DALYs率呈现男性高于女性、城市地区高于农村地区的特点。此外,在广西5个地理区域中,恶性肿瘤发病率、死亡率及DALYs率最高的地区分别是桂北地区、桂南地区和桂西地区。2019年广西恶性肿瘤发病前10位癌种分别是肝癌、肺癌、女性乳腺癌、结直肠癌、子宫颈癌、胃癌、鼻咽癌、子宫体癌、前列腺癌和甲状腺癌,发病数占全部恶性肿瘤的75.3%;恶性肿瘤死亡前10位癌种分别是肝癌、肺癌、结直肠癌、胃癌、女性乳腺癌、子宫颈癌、鼻咽癌、食管癌、白血病和脑癌,死亡数占全部恶性肿瘤死亡的82.1%。结论2019年广西恶性肿瘤的疾病负担仍处于较高水平,具有明显的性别差异及地区差异。肝癌、肺癌、女性乳腺癌、结直肠癌、子宫颈癌以及鼻咽癌等仍是广西重点防控的恶性肿瘤。此外,甲状腺癌发病顺位上升到恶性肿瘤发病顺位第10位,应重点关注并及早采取措施加以防范。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of malignant tumors in Guangxi in 2019,and to provide reference for prevention and treatment of malignant tumors.Methods According to the tumor data reported by 56 cancer registration areas in Guangxi in 2019,the incidence,age‑standardized rate by Chinese standard population(ASRC rate)of incidence,mortality and ASRC rate of mortality were calculated to analyze the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in Guangxi in 2019.The indicators such as disability adjusted life years(DALYs)and years of life lost(YLLs)were calculated to assess the disease burden of malignant tumors.Results A total of 71,430 new cases of malignant tumors were reported in 56 cancer registration areas in Guangxi in 2019,with a crude incidence rate of 219.87/105,ASRC rate of incidence was 172.17/105;45,485 mortality of malignant tumors were reported,with a crude mortality rate of 140.01/105,ASRC rate of mortality was 105.25/105.Cancers resulted in 660,930.15 DALYs in Guangxi in 2019,YLLs accounted for 97.4%of DALYs,the DALYs rate was 2,034.40/105.In 2019,the incidence,mortality and DALYs rate of malignant tumors in Guangxi showed the characteristics of men higher than women,and urban areas higher than rural areas.In addition,in the 5 geographical areas of Guangxi,the highest incidence,mortality and DALYs rate of malignant tumors were in the north,south and west areas of Guangxi,respectively.The cancer of the liver,lung,female breast,colorectum,cervix,stomach,nasopharynx,uterus,prostate and thyroid were the top 10 for malignant tumors incidence,accounting for 75.3%of total cancer cases.The cancer of liver,lung,colorectum,stomach,female breast,cervix,nasopharynx,esophagus,leukemia and brain were the 10 leading causes of cancer deaths,accounting for 82.1%of total cancer deaths.Conclusions In 2019,the disease burden of malignant tumors in Guangxi is still at a high level,with significant regional differences and gender differences.The liver cancer,lung cancer,colorectum cancer,female breast cancer,cervix cancer and nasopharynx cancer are still the major malignant tumor for prevention and treatment in Guangxi.In addition,the incidence of thyroid cancer rises to the 10th place,more attentions should be paid and preventive measures should be taken early.