甘薯脱毒苗组培扩繁基本培养基配方的探究与优化

Exploration and Optimization of the Basic Culture Medium Formula for the Tissue Culture and Propagation of Virus-free Sweet Potato Seedlings

甘薯在种植过程中因连年种植出现的病害发生加重、产量降低、品质变劣等因素严重制约了甘薯产业的发展。甘薯脱毒技术是脱除病毒、恢复品种种性、提高甘薯产量和品质的有效途径,但生产中脱毒苗的供应能力不足,为了探索其解决办法,以徐薯18、龙薯9号为试验材料,根据甘薯龙薯9号扦插苗自身吸收矿质元素的量计算所得的基质培配方龙9以及1/2龙9、MS、1/2MS为处理,进行了脱毒苗组培扩繁的比较探究。结果表明,徐薯18和龙薯9号1/2龙9配方的茎节数和茎长均为最好,但试验过程中该配方出现了叶片黄化现象,故对1/2龙9配方进行了完善,并在徐薯18、龙薯9号、烟薯25、绵薯10号、遂宁524及北京1号6个甘薯品种进行了验证,结果表明1/2改良龙9配方处理下的各品种茎长和茎节数均优于MS配方,这对于解决生产中脱毒苗供应不足的问题以及经济效益的增加有极其重要的作用。

Sweet potato industry development has been severely constrained by factors,such as disease worsening,yields decreasing and quality deteriorating resulting from continuous cultivation.The technique of virus-free sweet potato propagation was an effective means of removing viruses,restoring cultivar traits,and improving yields and quality.However,the supply capacity of virus-free seedlings in production was insufficient.In order to explore solutions to this problem,Xushu 18 and Longshu No.9 were used as experimental materials,the propagation of virus-free seedlings using different substrate formulas were compared,including the Long 9 substrate formula calculated based on the amount of mineral elements absorbed by Longshu No.9 stem cuttings,as well as 1/2 Long 9 MS,and 1/2 MS treatments.The results showed that the stem number and length of Xushu 18 and Longshu No.9 were best when using the 1/2 Long 9 substrate formula.However,yellowing of the leaves occurred during the experiment,so the 1/2 Long 9 formula was improved and validated on six sweet potato varieties including Xushu 18,Longshu No.9,Yanshu 25,Mianshu 10,Suining 524 and Beijing 1.The results showed that the stem length and number of each variety under the 1/2 modified Long 9 formula treatment were superior to those under the MS formula,which was extremely important for solving the problem of insufficient supply of virus-free seedlings in production and increasing economic benefits.