水城区猕猴桃产业园区土壤养分元素地球化学特征及地质环境

Geochemical Characteristics and Geological Environment of Soil Nutrient Elements in the Kiwifruit Industrial Park of Shuicheng District

[目的]根据一系列土壤养分元素地球化学指标,对示范园区耕地土壤养分质量进行分类评价,并探讨养分元素在不同地层的分布情况。[方法]以六盘水市名优特色红心猕猴桃产区水城区产业园区的米箩镇、猴场镇园区土壤养分元素有机质、阳离子交换量、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、硼、有效硼、钼、有效钼、碘、氟等为研究对象,运用地球化学分析方法、GIS等技术手段研究该区土壤中养分元素及其地质环境。[结果]园区土壤以酸性为主,适宜猕猴桃种植,保肥能力强,有机质含量丰富;除全钾含量很低,4级(较缺乏)与5级(缺乏)累计占比89.72%,全氮、全磷含量丰富,碱解氮含量适宜,速效磷含量缺乏,变异系数2.07,分布不均,局部可能较缺乏,速效钾供给能力好,总体适中;钼、有效钼、氟、碘含量丰富,氟含量相对偏高,硼、有效硼含量缺乏;硼在灰岩发育地层含量相对较高,全氮、碘、钼及有机质在峨眉山玄武岩组更易富集,含量普遍丰富。龙潭组发育的土壤具有更高的硒含量和有机质含量。[结论]建议后期提高土壤中磷有效量,增施钾肥、硼肥,红心猕猴桃是否适宜在峨眉山玄武岩组地层种植有待进一步研究。

[Objective]According to a series of geochemical indexes of soil nutrient elements,the soil nutrient quality of cultivated land in the demonstration park was classified and evaluated,and the distribution of nutrient elements in different strata was discussed.[Method]Taking soil nutrient elements organic matter,cation exchange capacity,TN,TP,TK,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available P,available K,B,available boron,Mo,available molybdenum,I and F in Miluo Town and Houchang Town Industrial Park in Shuicheng District of Liupanshui City as research objects,geochemical analysis methods and GIS techniques were used to study soil nutrient elements and their geological environment in this area.[Result]The soil in the park was mainly acidic,suitable for kiwifruit cultivation,with strong fertilizer retention ability and rich organic matter content.Except for the low total potassium content,the cumulative proportion of grade 4(relatively deficient)and grade 5(deficient)was 89.72%.The content of total nitrogen and total phosphorus was abundant,and the alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen content was suitable,the available phosphorus content was lacking,with variation coefficient of 2.07,the distribution was uneven and may be locally lacking.The supply capacity of available potassium was good,and overall it was moderate.The content of molybdenum,available molybdenum,fluorine and iodine was rich,the content of fluorine was relatively high,and the content of boron and available boron was lack;the content of boron was relatively high in limestone strata,and total nitrogen,iodine,molybdenum and organic matter were more easily enriched in Emeishan basalt formation.The soil developed in Longtan formation had higher selenium content and organic matter content.[Conclusion]In the later stage,it is suggested to increase the available amount of phosphorus in the soil,increase the application of potassium fertilizer and boron fertilizer,and whether red heart kiwifruit is suitable to be planted in Emeishan basalt formation needs further study.