施肥量对二棱青稞“陇青1号”产量及品质的影响

The Effect of Fertilization on the Yield and Quality of Two Ridge Barley‘Longqing 1’

为优化青稞施肥措施、实现化肥零增长提供理论和科学依据,研究施肥量对青稞生育期、农艺性状、蛋白质、产量及肥料利用率和收益的影响。结果表明,施肥量对青稞生育期、农艺性状、蛋白质、产量及肥料利用率和收益均有显著影响,随着施肥量的增加,青稞生育期延长,株高、穗长增加,倒伏增大;从产量构成的三因素看,随着施肥量增加成穗数、穗粒数先增加后降低,千粒重呈下降趋势;从产量、肥料利用率、总产值、纯收益、产投比看,施肥量低于处理C(N 135 kg/hm^(2)+P_(2)O_(5)135 kg/hm^(2))时,青稞产量、肥料利用率、总产值、纯收益、产投比随施肥量的增加而增大,当施肥量超过处理C时,青稞产量、肥料利用率、总产值、纯收益、产投比随施肥量的增加而降低,综合考虑“陇青1号”在该地区的最佳肥施量为处理C(N 135 kg/hm^(2)+P_(2)O_(5)135 kg/hm^(2))。

To provide theoretical and scientific basis for optimizing the fertilization measures of barley and achieving zero growth of fertilizers,the effects of fertilization amount on the growth period,agronomic traits,protein,yield,fertilizer utilization efficiency,and income of barley were investigated.The results showed that the amount of fertilization had a significant impact on the growth period,agronomic traits,protein,yield,fertilizer utilization efficiency,and yield of barley.With the increase of fertilization,the growth period of barley was prolonged,plant height and spike length increased,and lodging increased;From the three factors of yield composition,as the fertilization amount increased,the number of panicles and grains per panicle first increased and then decreased,and the thousand grain weight showed a downward trend;From the perspectives of yield,fertilizer utilization rate,total output value,net income,and input-output ratio,when the fertilization amount was lower than treatment C,the yield,fertilizer utilization rate,total output value,net income,and input-output ratio of barley increased with the increase of fertilization amount.When the fertilization amount exceeded treatment C,the yield,fertilizer utilization rate,total output value,net income,and input-output ratio of barley decreased with the increase of fertilization amount.Considering comprehensively,the optimal fertilizer application amount for‘Longqing 1’in the region is treatment C(N 135 kg/hm^(2)+P_(2)O_(5)135 kg/hm^(2)).