盾构余泥用作3种绿化植物种植基质的改良处理及可行性评价

Improvement Treatment and Feasibility Evaluation of Shield Muck as Planting Substrate for Three Kinds of Green Plants

[目的]研究城市固体废弃物盾构余泥的资源化处理方式,为盾构余泥的资源最大化利用和多元化利用提供参考。[方法]将盾构余泥和园林废弃物按不同比例配制成复合基质,通过盆栽试验研究不同基质的pH、容重、孔隙度、阳离子交换量、有效氮、有效磷、速效钾含量等基本理化性质,及各处理的发芽情况,分析不同基质对种子萌发的影响,探究适合用于绿化种植的基质配比。[结果]各改良基质处理下3种植物的综合评价指数不尽相同。熵权TOPSIS集成评价法分析结果显示,T40-5对盐肤木和草决明的综合评价指数最高,T50-3对刺槐的综合评价指数最高。[结论]盐肤木和草决明的最佳基质配方为:40%盾构余泥+40%园林废弃物+8%生物炭+10%膨润土+2%缓释颗粒肥;刺槐的最佳基质配方为:50%盾构余泥+30%园林废弃物+10%生物炭+8%膨润土+2%缓释颗粒肥。

[Objective]Search for a resource-oriented mode of shield muck,providing a reference for the maximum and diversified utilization of shield muck resources.[Method]Through pot experiment,the shield muck and garden waste compost were prepared into compound substrates according to different proportions,analyzing basic physical and chemical properties such as pH value,bulk density,porosity,CEC(cation exchange capacity),available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium content the and seeds germination of each treatment,so as to explore the suitable substrate ratio for green planting.[Result]The comprehensive evaluation indexes of the three plants under different ameliorated substrate treatments are different.The results of entropy weight TOPSIS integrated evaluation method show:T40-5 has the highest comprehensive evaluation index for Rhus chinensis and Cassia tora,and T50-3 has the highest comprehensive evaluation index for Robinia pseudoacacia.[Conclusion]Suitable formula for Rhus chinensis and Cassia tora is:40%shield muck+40%garden waste compost+8%biochar+10%bentonite+2%slow-release fertilizer pellet;suitable formula for Robinia pseudoacacia is:50%shield muck+30%garden waste compost+10%biochar+8%bentonite+2%slow-release fertilizer pellet.