洛阳市龙门山废弃露天矿山地质环境影响评价及修复研究

Geo-environmental impact assessment and restoration of Longmenshan abandoned open-pit mine in Luoyang city

以龙门山废弃露天矿山为对象,开展矿山地质环境影响评价及修复研究,探索其矿山地质环境修复模式和技术措施。分析研究区矿山地质环境影响因素,开展矿山地质灾害、含水层破坏、地形地貌景观破坏及土地损毁等矿山地质环境影响评价,划分矿山地质环境恢复治理分区,讨论废弃露天矿山地质环境修复措施。结果显示,研究区矿山地质灾害危害程度小,对含水层影响小,地形地貌景观和土地资源破坏严重;矿山地质环境重点防治区面积6.47 hm^(2)、占总面积的17.80%,次重点防治区9.73 hm^(2)、占总面积的26.77%,一般防治区面积20.15 hm^(2)、占总面积的55.43%;针对评价成果采用“坡面危岩清理+地形地貌重塑+土壤重构+挡土墙+截排水渠+植被重建”修复措施对破坏地貌景观和土地进行修复治理,取得了良好的修复效果。研究成果对同类型露天矿山的地质环境影响评价及修复研究具有一定的借鉴意义。

To study the geological environment impact assessment and restoration of an abandoned open-pit mine in Longmen Mountain,and to explore the mode and technical measures of mine geological environment restoration.The influencing factors of the mine geological environment in the study area were analyzed,and the geological environment impact assessment of mine geological disasters,aquifer damage,landform landscape damage,and land damage carried out.The geological environment restoration and treatment zones of the mine were divided,and the geological environment restoration measures of abandoned open-pit mines were discussed.The mining geological hazards in the study area had little harm degree,little impact on the aquifer,and serious damage to landform landscape and land resources.The key control area of the mine geological environment is 6.47 hm^(2),accounting for 17.80%of the total area,the second key control area is 9.73 hm^(2),accounting for 26.77%of the total area,and the general control area is 20.15 hm^(2),accounting for 55.43%of the total area.According to the evaluation results,the restoration measures of“slope dangerous rock clearing+landform remodeling+soil reconstruction+retaining wall+cut-off drainage channel+vegetation reconstruction”are adopted to restore the damaged landform landscape and land,and good restoration effects can be achieved.The research results have certain reference significance for the geological environment impact assessment and restoration research of the same type of open-pit mine.