雅安某废弃铅锌矿及周边区域土壤和地下水环境风险分析

Environmental risk analysis of soils and ground water in an abandoned Pb-Zn mine and its surrounding areas in Ya′an

为探究某废弃铅锌矿山及周边区域土壤和地下水的环境风险,以矿山历史开采区内及周边土壤、矿山上下游地下水中的砷、汞、镍、镉、铬、铜、铅、锌重金属为研究对象,采用单因子污染指数法及潜在生态风险评价等方法对重金属含量进行评价。结果表明,土壤受到明显污染,砷、镉、铅、锌污染较严重,主要超标原因可能为矿山开采过程中历史上环境措施不到位,且区域本底值较高。地下水含量未超标。废弃矿山生态风险存在,建议废弃矿山应尽快进行治理修复,地下水应做好长期监测。为废弃矿山后续的治理修复提供理论依据。

To investigate the environmental risk of soils and groundwater in an abandoned Pb-Zn Mine and its surrounding areas.The heavy metals As,Hg,Ni,Cd,Cr,Cu,Pb,and Zn of soils and groundwater in an abandoned Pb-Zn Mine and its surrounding areas were determined.The single factor pollution index method and potential ecological risk assessment were employed to analyze the effects of abandoned Pb-Zn Mine and its surrounding areas on the concentrations of heavy metals in the soil.The results indicate that soil had been significantly polluted,As,Cd,Pb,and Zn were severely polluted.The main reason for exceeding the standard was inadequate environmental measures in the mining process,and the regional background value was relatively high.The groundwater content did not exceed the standard.The ecological risks exist in abandoned mines,it is recommended that abandoned mines be treated and repaired as soon as possible,and long-term monitoring of groundwater should be carried out.The significance of the research was to provide the theoretical basis for the subsequent treatment and restoration of abandoned mines.