中国创新型产业集群创新效率评价与空间格局分析

Research on Innovation Efficiency and Spatial Pattern of China's Innovative Industrial Clusters

基于DEA-BCC模型和Malmquist指数模型,从静态和动态两方面对我国创新型产业集群创新效率进行综合评价,研究结果表明:我国创新型产业集群创新效率水平有所下降,仍有较大进步空间,且存在两极分化的现象.较多省(区、市)处于纯技术有效规模无效的DEA弱有效状态,存在投入产出不匹配问题.考察期内全要素生产率变化指数整体呈“N”型上升趋势,主要得益于技术进步的拉动作用,纯技术效率与规模效率共同起了阻碍作用.区域间及区域内创新型产业集群发展存在不平衡性,东部地区增长最快;其次为西部地区,中部、东北相对落后.从空间分布看,全国创新型产业集群创新效率表现出由南北向内陆逐步递减的分布格局,创新效率较高的省(区、市)成片分布在东南、西南、西北地区,空间非均衡性呈现出先缩小后扩大的趋势.

Based on the DEA-BCC model and Malmquist index model,the innovation efficiency of China's innovative industrial clusters is comprehensively evaluated from both static and dynamic aspects.The findings reveal that the innovation efficiency level of China's innovative industrial clusters has decreased.However,there is still much room for progress,and there is a phenomenon of two-level differentiation.Many provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)are in a weak effective state of DEA with invalid pure technology effective scale,and there is a problem of input-output mismatch.During the survey period,the total factor productivity change index showed an overall“N”shaped upward trend,mainly due to the pulling effect of technological progress,and pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency played an obstructive role.There is an imbalance in the development of innovative industrial clusters between regions and regions,with the eastern region growing the fastest,followed by the western region,and the central and northeastern regions being relatively backward.From the perspective of spatial distribution,the innovation efficiency of national innovative industrial clusters shows a decreasing distribution pattern from north to south to inland,and provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)with high innovation efficiency are distributed in southeast,southwest and northwest regions,and the spatial imbalance shows a trend of first shrinking and then expanding.