猪肝羧酸酯酶研究进展

Progress on Pig Liver Esterase

羧酸酯酶(carboxylesterases,CES,E.C.3.1.1.1)属于丝氨酸水解酶类,该酯酶在哺乳动物各种器官和组织中存在,在肝脏组织和小肠组织中含量丰富,可催化水解多种内外源性物质,发挥重要的药理学和生理学作用。20世纪初就有猪肝羧酸酯酶的研究报道,但大部分研究是围绕其在有机化学合成中的应用,而对该酶的生理功能研究较少。猪肝羧酸酯酶家族成员数量多,水解特性互补,在重要组织器官内以高丰度存在,该酶家族在维持机体内环境稳态中发挥着重要的作用。有关猪肝羧酸酯酶基因家族及生理、药理、免疫等功能的报道很多,论文对猪肝羧酸酯酶的基因与同工酶、空间结构、催化水解特性及功能进行系统综述,以期为相关研究提供参考。

Carboxylesterases(CES,E.C.3.1.1.1)belong to the serine hydrolytic enzyme which are one types of esterases.CES exist in various organs and tissues of mammal,especially have rich content in liver and small intestine.CES can catalytically hydrolyse many kinds of endogenous and exogenous substances,playing an important role in pharmacology and physiology.Reports on pig liver esterase appeared first in the early 1900s,but most of the research is focused on its application in organic chemical synthesis,and the research on the physiological function of pig liver esterase family is less.Pig liver esterase family is one of the most complex carboxylesterase family in mammalian,has a number of members,complementary hydrolysis characteristics and a higher abundance in the important tissues and organs,prompting that is irreplaceable to maintain homeostasis of body.However,after nearly a century of research,reports on the gene family of pig liver esterases and their functions in physiology,pharmacology,and immunity are accumulating.This article provides a systematic review of the genes,isoenzymes,spatial structure,catalytic hydrolysis characteristics,and functions of pig liver esterase,hoping to provide reference for researchers in related fields.