新时代中国国别地理研究现状与发展思考:国家自然科学基金的视角

Status and strategic thought on Country Geography in the new era:From the perspective of National Natural Science Foundation of China

作为世界第二大经济体,当今中国正以前所未有的速度融入世界。为更好地服务国家对外战略需求,促进对外交流与合作,同时为地理学科注入新的力量,国别地理学的发展还需获得更多关注。本文基于1986年以来国家自然科学基金国别地理项目数据,分析国别地理项目的申请与资助现状,考察其研究热点分布,提出存在的问题与不足,进一步探讨其概念内涵及其在学科体系中定位,提出国别地理学支撑地理科学发展的路径,在此基础上构建国别地理学科发展策略。研究发现:①国别地理项目申请量与资助量较少,研究地域布局与国家战略总体布局匹配度不够,尚不能满足国别地理服务国家大政方针的资政服务需求;②1986—2022年共有344项国别地理学申请项目,分布在地缘政治、自然环境、能源经济与社会文化四大领域,且自然地理学、人文地理学与信息地理学三大分支学科中的国别地理研究有明显的时空尺度差异;③国别地理学可服务于国家对外战略需求,同时为地理科学理论创新提供了丰富多样的素材,为地理科学数据驱动型研究范式提供了新应用领域,是时代赋予地理科学发展的重要增长点;④国别地理学未来需从动力模式、队伍组织、交叉融合等方面加强建设。

As the world’s second largest economy,China today is integrating into the world at an unprecedented rate.In order to serve the national foreign development strategy,better understand and integrate into the world,and inject new disciplinary imputes into the development of geography discipline,it is necessary to emphasize the development of Country Geography.Based on the data of Country Geography projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)from 1986 to 2022,this paper analyzed the application and funding status of projects about country geography from the perspective of the NSFC,examined the distribution of its research hotspots,presented its current problems and shortcomings,further explored its conceptual connotation and positioning in the whole Geography disciplinary system,revealed the mechanism for country geography supporting the development of Geography,and finally proposed development strategies for the discipline of Country Geography on this basis.Results show that:1)The number of application and funding of Country Geography projects is relatively low,and the matching degree between the regional pattern of the research and the overall layout of the national strategy is not enough,which can not meet the needs of national geographic services to serve the national policy.2)The NSFC received a total of 344 applications for Country Geography projects from 1986 to 2022,distributed in four major fields of geopolitics,natural environment,energy economy and social culture,and there are obvious differences in spatial and temporal scales among the three major subdisciplines of Physical Geography,Human Geography and Information Geography for the research of Country Geography.3)Country Geography serves the needs of the national foreign strategy,provides abundant and diverse materials for geography theory innovation,and presents new application fields for the data-driven research paradigm of geoscience,thus injecting new dynamics into the development of geography discipline and is the major growth point for geography discipline.4)Country Geography should strengthen the study of key countries and regions in the future with the improvement from organization of teams,interdisciplinary integration,and dynamic models.