高质量区域空间格局构建下中国经济区划调整研究

Adjusting territorial and economic zoning of China to build a high-quality regional spatial pattern

经济区划调整对于塑造面向高质量发展的区域空间格局具有重要意义。本文梳理了1949年以来中国经济区域划分方案,分析了改革开放以来,东部、中部、西部和东北地区四大经济区的划分逻辑与影响。以规模经济、专业化分工以及知识要素为主导所形成的新空间集聚等第二性地理因素逐渐替代资源禀赋等第一性地理因素,成为区域经济增长的主要动力。当前,中国区域协调发展面临着“三北”经济增长乏力、区域差异扩大及区域经济增长差距由东西分化转变为南北分化等挑战。随着中心城市和城市群成为承载发展要素的主要空间形式,中国经济发展模式从外向型经济为主转变为内向型经济与外向型经济协调发展,经济空间格局也需进行相应调整。本文提出划分五大经济区域的新方案,将原来的四大经济区调整为东南、西南、东北、华北、西北五大经济区,从而强化经济区内部联系,更好地发挥区域中心城市的辐射带动作用,顺应构建高质量区域空间格局的需求。

The adjustment of economic zoning is of significant importance in constructing a regional spatial pattern conducive to high-quality development.This paper reviews the economic zoning schemes in China since 1949,and finds that the economic zoning is characterized by the socio-economic conditions and should meet the needs of economic and social development.This study analyzes the division logic and impact of the 4 major economic zones,which is eastern,central,western,and northeast zones since the reform and opening up,observing that these divisions have,to some extent,fostered regional coordinated development.The factors driving regional economic growth have shifted from the first geographical factors such as natural endowments to secondary geographical factors like spatial agglomeration formed by scale economy,specialized division of labor,and knowledge elements.In recent years,the development faces challenges such as the weak economic growth in the“Three Norths”(which means the northeast,north and northwest zones),expanding regional disparities,and a shift in regional economic growth from an“east faster-west slower”to a“south faster-north slower”pattern.With central cities and urban clusters becoming the main spatial form for carrying developmental elements,China’s economic development model has shifted from export-oriented to coordinated development of inward-oriented and export-oriented.The economic spatial pattern also needs to be adjusted accordingly.This paper proposes a new scheme of dividing China into 5 major economic zones:southeast,southwest,northeast,north,and northwest zones of China,so as to strengthen the intra-zone connections and better harnesses the radiating and leading role of regional central cities,aligning with the construction of a high-quality regional spatial pattern.Finally,the paper offers policy recommendations to address the issue of regional economic growth disparities.These include intensifying the construction of education,science and technology infrastructure in the northeast,notrthwest and southeast zones,strengthening the construction of national central cities and metropolitan areas in those zones,and formulating differentiated regional development policies based on the unique characteristics of each zone.