两个枣品种幼树在天津地区叶片形态结构及生理特性比较

Comparison of morphological structures of leaves and physiologicalcharacteristics of two Jujube varieties

以‘月光’和‘伏脆蜜’两个枣品种一年生嫁接苗(砧木为酸枣)为研究试材,采用徒手制片的方法,观察测定两个枣品种幼树叶片的形态结构,并测定其叶片生理指标和光合色素含量,探索两个枣品种在天津地区的适应性,以期为其在天津地区的引种和栽培提供参考。结果表明,两个枣品种叶片上表皮均未发现气孔,气孔主要分布在下表皮;‘伏脆蜜’枣幼树叶片厚度为191.01μm,上下表皮细胞厚度分别为28.69、22.29μm,叶片下角质层厚度为3.28μm、叶脉木质部厚为107.99μm,以上指标均显著大于‘月光’;‘伏脆蜜’枣幼树叶片SOD活性及总叶绿素含量显著大于‘月光’。综合分析得出,相较于‘月光’枣幼树,‘伏脆蜜’枣幼树叶片结构使其具有更强的保水能力、水分运输能力及光合能力,更加适合在天津地区引种推广。

Annual grafted seedlings(rootstocks were sour jujubes)of two jujube varieties,‘Yueguang’and‘Fucuimi’,were used as the test material for the study.The morphological structures of young leaves of two jujube varieties were determined by microscopic micrometer,and their leaf physiological indexes and photosynthetic pigment contents were measured to explore the suitability of two jujube varieties in the Tianjin area and provide a reference for its introduction and cultivation in the Tianjin area.The results showed that no stomata were found on the upper epidermis of the leaves of either jujube variety,and stomata were mainly distributed on the lower epidermis.The thickness of young jujube leaves was 191.01μm,the thickness of upper and lower epidermal cells were 28.69 and 22.29μm respectively,the thickness of lower cuticle of leaves was 3.28μm,the thickness of xylem of leaf veins was 107.99μm,and all these indexes were significantly greater than those of‘Yueguang’.Comprehensive analysis showed that compared with‘Yueguang’,the leaf structure of young‘Fucuimi’jujube trees had enhanced water retention,water transport and photosynthetic capacity,making‘Fucuimi’more suitable for introduction and promotion in Tianjin area.