不同松树树种段木栽培茯苓产量对林分郁闭度的响应

Response of Yield of Poria cocos Cultivated by Different Pine Logs to Canopy Density

【目的】探明林分郁闭度和不同松树树种段木组合栽培对茯苓产量的影响,为提高茯苓栽培产量提供科学依据。【方法】以茯苓为研究对象,选择低、中、高3种郁闭度林分,分别采用湿地松、马尾松和火炬松3种松树段木栽培茯苓,考察松树不同松种与林分郁闭度组合处理茯苓菌核个数、单个鲜重和总鲜重,通过方差分析和多重比较筛选树种与林分郁闭度的最佳搭配方案。【结果】湿地松段木栽培茯苓水溶性多糖含量为0.49%,马尾松和火炬松段木栽培均为0.26%。湿地松和马尾松段木栽培,中郁闭度林分茯苓单个鲜重和总鲜重显著高于低郁闭度;火炬松段木栽培,高郁闭度林分茯苓总鲜重低于中郁闭度且显著低于低郁闭度。【结论】湿地松、马尾松和火炬松3种松树段木栽培的茯苓综合品质良好,其中,以湿地松段木栽培茯苓的可溶性多糖含量最高。3种郁闭度林分环境下最佳段木栽培搭配方式:低郁闭度林分+火炬松段木,中/高郁闭度林分+湿地松或马尾松段木。

【Objective】The effects of the combinations of different canopy densities and species of tree logs on the yield of Poria cocos were explored,which provided scientific basis for improving the yield of P.cocos.【Method】Taking P.cocos as study object,it was cultivated with low,medium and high canopy density and cultivated by logs of Pinus elliottii,Pinus massoniana and Pinus taeda,respectively.The number of sclerotium,single fresh weight and total fresh weight of P.cocos under different combinations of pine species and canopy density were measured.The best combination of tree species and canopy density was screened through variance analysis and multiple comparison.【Result】The watersoluble polysaccharide content of P.cocos was 0.49% under the treatment of P.elliottii,while the water-soluble polysaccharide contents were both 0.26% under the treatment of P.massoniana and P.taeda.Under the treatment of P.massoniana and P.elliottii,the single fresh weight and total fresh weight of P.cocos of medium canopy density were significantly lower than those of low canopy density;Under the treatment of P.taeda,the total fresh weight of P.cocos of high canopy density were lower than those of medium canopy density and significantly lower than low canopy density.【Conclusion】The comprehensive quality of P.cocos was good when planted by logs of P.elliottii,P.massoniana and P.taeda,among which the soluble polysaccharide content of P.cocos cultivated by P.elliottii was the highest.The best cultivation combination of 3 canopy density environments was low canopy density+P.taeda,medium/high Canopy density+P.elliottii/P.massoniana.