技术与法学共视下人工智能体的角色定位

The Role Positioning of Artificial Intelligence Agents under the Perspective of Technology and Law

当前人工智能体的刑事责任问题研究整体上仍限于刑法学,应在技术和法学共视下展开一体化探讨。在技术原理上,人工智能体属于机器,不具有自我意识,因而不具有类人般的智能性;认可人工智能体具备刑事责任主体资格的刑法学观点,属假设性理论构想,当前缺乏技术原理上的现实基础。在技术视野下,人工智能体之“刑罚措施”等同机器处置,逻辑上不具有可行性,近乎幻想。人工智能体的刑法定位应归结为对人工智能体的开发者和使用者进行规制,从而保障人工智能在各种应用场景下的安全使用。

The current research on criminal liability issues of artificial intelligence agents is still limited to criminal law as a whole,and should be explored in an integrated manner under the perspectives of technology and law.In terms of technical principles,artificial intelligence agents belong to machines and do not have self-awareness.Therefore,they do not possess humanoid intelligence.The recognition of the criminal law perspective that artificial intelligence agents have the qualification of criminal liability subjects is a hypothetical theoretical concept,which,currently,lacks a practical foundation in technical principles.In the perspective of technology,the“penalty measures”meted out to artificial intelligence agents are equivalent to machine disposal,which is logically unfeasible and almost fantastical.The criminal law positioning of artificial intelligence agents should be summarized as regulating the developers and users of artificial intelligence agents,in order to ensure the safe use of artificial intelligence in various application scenarios.