高填充碳化硼/聚乙烯醇纤维制备及中子防护性能研究

Preparation of highly filled boron carbide/polyvinyl alcohol fibers and study of neutron protection properties

利用表面修饰手段在B_(4)C粒子和聚乙烯醇(PVA)基体之间构造大量氢键以增强两相相互作用,并采用湿法纺丝技术成功制备出高填充B_(4)C/PVA纤维及其织物,使其同时具有中子防护和透气透湿性。结果表明,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)均匀包覆在B_(4)C粒子表面并与OP-10发生烷基尾部缠连,使高填充B_(4)C粒子在PVA纺丝液悬浮稳定、纺丝工艺稳定,获得了填充量高达50%的B_(4)C/PVA纤维及其纺织面料。(纺织面料的中子防护和透气透湿需要提供)50%B_(4)C-CTAB-OP-10/PVA织物的单层中子屏蔽率为49.43%,为穿戴舒适和辐射防护安全的制品提供了新的解决方案。

In this paper,a large number of hydrogen bonds were constructed between B_(4)C particles and poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA) matrix by means of surface modification to enhance the interaction between the two phases,and highly filled B_(4)C/PVA fibers and their fabrics were successfully prepared by wet spinning technology,which provided both neutron protection and air-and moisture-permeability.The results show that cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB) is uniformly coated on the surface of B_(4)C particles and alkyl tail entanglement with OP-10,which makes the high-filled B_(4)C particles stable in suspension in PVA spinning solution and stable in spinning process,and the B_(4)C/PVA fibers and their textile fabrics are obtained with up to 50% filling capacity.Neutron protection and air permeability and moisture permeability of textile fabrics need to be provided 50% wt% B_(4)C-CTAB-OP-10/PVA fabrics with a single-layer neutron shielding rate of 49.43%.The present work provides a new solution for wearing comfort and radiation protection safety of the products.