汉代中原水利的西传与民族融合

Westward Spread of Water Conservancy Technology in the Central Plains of Han Dynasty and the National Integration

在两汉时期,中原的水利随着汉王朝抗击匈奴和开疆拓土而向西传入了河西走廊以及西域地区,成为军队戍守边疆、开展屯田的重要保障。中原的水利作为中原文明的重要组成部分就此在这些地区生根发芽、延续到后世,在历史上不仅仅作为生计的重要基础,同时也成为促进各民族融合、“变夷为夏”的重要因素。诸多游牧民族放弃游牧转而学习中原的农耕,这种现象从汉代一直持续到清代,因此中原水利支撑的农耕文明也成为这些地区和中华大地不可分割的重要纽带。从水利文明的角度认识从汉代开始的开疆拓土到随后中华大地的地理格局构建及民族融合,是一个全新的视野。中原水利所支撑的中原农耕使诸多民族“变夷为夏”、融进中华民族大家庭中。因此在中华民族形成和中华大地格局的构建过程中,水是一个不可忽略的因素。

During the Han dynasty,as the Han empire fought against the Xiongnu and acquired new lands,water conservancy technology spread westward,to the Hexi Corridor and the Western Regions,and has since become important safeguards for military garrison and reclamation.Water conservancy technology,one of the most crucial parts of the Central Plains Civilization,has thus taken roots in these areas and continued to exist until today,which is not only one of the most important foundations for livelihood historically,but also one of the key factors that facilitate national integration among ethnic groups and convert Yi into Xia.Many nomadic ethnic groups give away their nomadic traditions and learn from the agriculture of the Central Plains.This phenomenon lasted from the Han dynasty to the Qing dynasty,and agricultural civilization sustained by water conservancy technology of the Central Plains has thus become the inseverable tie between these regions and China.It is a new research field to explore the process from expanding territories in the Han dynasty to the construction of geological patterns and national integration from the perspective of water conservancy civilization.Agriculture in the Central Plains sustained by water conservancy technology converts many ethnic groups into Xia,into parts of the great family of the Chinese nation.Therefore,water plays a pivotal role in the formation of the Chinese nation,as well as the establishment of the geological pattern of the land of China.