重金属肾损伤机制的研究进展(综述)

Research progress on the mechanism of heavy metal renal injury

重金属被广泛应用于农业、工业以及医疗行业,如生产杀虫剂、电池、合金、纺织染料以及药物等。长时间、高强度或过度暴露于重金属会诱发相关的全身性疾病。肾脏具有过滤、重吸收和浓缩功能,是重金属毒性的重要靶器官。肾损伤的程度和表现取决于重金属的种类、剂量以及暴露时间。重金属造成的肾损伤不仅给社会、家庭带来沉重的负担,还常常危及患者的生命健康。因不同重金属肾损伤致病机制不同,所以增加了治疗难度。该文通过对几种常见重金属肾损伤机制的国内外新近研究成果进行论述,以便为临床治疗及研究提供参考。

Heavy metals are widely used in agriculture,industry and medical industry,such as the production of insecticides,batteries,alloys,textile dyes and drugs.Long-term,high-intensity or excessive exposure to heavy metals can induce related systemic diseases.The kidney has the functions of filtration,reabsorption and concentration,and is an important target organ for heavy metal toxicity.The degree and manifestation of renal injury depend on the type,dose and exposure time of heavy metals.Heavy metal-induced renal injury not only brings heavy burden to society and family,but also often endangers the life and health of patients.Because the pathogenic mechanisms of renal injury caused by different heavy metals are different,the difficulty of treatment is increased.By discussing the recent research results of several common heavy metal renal injury mechanisms at home and abroad,we can provide a basis for clinical treatment and research.