侵犯他人虚拟货币刑事案件的司法定性

The Judicial Qualification of Criminal Cases Involving the Infringement of Others’ Virtual Currency

侵犯他人虚拟货币的刑事案件如何定性,在司法实践中存在争议。从刑法的财物判断标准来审视虚拟货币,其不具备“合法性”特征,在“价值性”上亦不符合现实、公平的衡量要求。因此,对于通过物理性非技术方法侵犯他人虚拟货币的案件,由于虚拟货币欠缺财产属性,不宜以财产犯罪予以处理。对于通过信息技术手段侵犯他人虚拟货币的行为,根据其侵害的法益和具体行为类型,通过破坏计算机信息系统罪、非法控制计算机信息系统罪、非法获取计算机信息系统数据罪等加以规制。与此同时,立法机关应当加快构建保护数据安全的罪名体系,以完善虚拟货币和其他新型数据权利的法律保护。

There is controversy in judicial practice regarding the qualification of criminal cases involving the infringement of others’virtual currency.When examining virtual currency from the perspective of property determination criteria in criminal law,it lacks the characteristic of“legitimacy”and does not meet the requirements of realistic and fair evaluation in terms of“value”.Therefore,cases involving the infringement of others’virtual currency through non-technical physical methods should not be treated as property crimes due to the lack of property attributes in virtual currency.In addition,actions involving the infringement of others’virtual currency through information technology methods should be regulated based on the legal interests violated and the specific types of behavior,such as the crimes of damaging computer information systems,illegal control of computer information systems,and illegal acquisition of computer information system data.Meanwhile,legislative authorities should accelerate the establishment of a criminal charge system to protect data security and improve legal protection for virtual currency and other new types of data rights.