花期高温香梨园坐果影响因素及后续管理措施

Analysis of Influencing Factors and Management Measures of Fruit Setting in High Temperature PearOrchard during Flowering Period

【目的】梨树花期如遇气温高,梨花受粉时间缩短,导致授粉受精不良,影响生产,为此,分析探讨在花期高温情况下树形、授粉方式、小环境、防雹网对香梨坐果率的影响及相应的防范对策,以指导农户正确应对。【方法】调查新疆生产建设兵团第一师范围内9个团镇香梨园在花期高温条件下的坐果情况,分析不同树形、不同授粉方式、不同微环境对香梨花期坐果的影响。【结果】与香梨坐果率相关的因素其影响程度从重到轻依次为花期气候、授粉品种搭配、授粉方式、田间管理、园地生态环境。【结论】提出了香梨花期遇到高温后的栽培管理措施,以降低梨园损失,促进香梨高效生产。

【Objective】If the temperature is high during the flowering period of pear trees,the pollination time of pear flowers will be shortened,leading to poor pollination and fertilization,which will affect the production.Therefore,the effects of tree shape,pollination mode,small environment and hailnet on the fruit setting rate of fragrant pear under the condition of high temperature during the flowering period and the corresponding preventive measures are analyzed and discussed,so as to guide farmers to deal with them correctly.【Methods】The fruit setting of pear orchards in 9 towns within the First division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps under the condition of high temperature during flowering period was investigated.The effects of different tree shapes,different pollination methods and different microenvironment on the fruit setting of pear during flowering period were analyzed.【Results】The factors related to the fruit setting rate of fragrant pear in descending order were flowering climate,pollination variety collocation,pollination mode,field management and garden ecological environment.【Conclusion】The cultivation and management measures of pear after high temperature during flowering period were put forward to reduce the loss,and promoting the efficient planting of pear.