心肌细胞衰老机制及干预措施的研究进展

Research progress on the mechanism and intervention measures of myocardial cell aging

心血管系疾病发病率与衰老密切相关。心肌细胞衰老是导致心血管疾病的独立和重要危险因素。因此了解心肌细胞衰老的结构变化、分子机制以及干预措施至关重要。越来越多的研究关注如何有效的在体内干预衰老心肌细胞从而延长寿命。现代医学现发现心肌细胞衰老主要与线粒体功能障碍、端粒缩短和损伤、自噬下降、调节信号失衡有关。中医认为心肌细胞衰老病位在心,与脾、肾相关,主要病机为心气虚损。近年来多项研究表明多种西药、中药提取物、合理饮食以及适当的运动可通过提高抗氧化能力、减少氧化应激反应、改善线粒体功能、提高自噬等机制延缓心肌细胞衰老。本综述就心肌细胞衰老的发生以及干预措施进行论述,为改善心肌细胞衰老提供研究方向。

The incidence rate of cardiovascular diseases is closely related to aging.Myocardial cell aging is an independent and important risk factor for cardiovascular diseas e.Therefore,understanding the structural changes,molecular mechanisms,and intervention measures of myocardial cell aging is crucial.More and more studies are focusing on how to effectively intervene in aging myocardial cells in the body to extend their lifespan.Modern medicine has found that myocardial cell aging is mainly related to mitochondrial dysfunction,telomere shortening and damage,decreased autophagy,and imbalance in regulatory signals.Traditional Chinese physician believes that myocardial cell aging occurs in the heart and is related to the spleen and kidneys,with the main pathogenesis of the deficiency of heart qi.In recent years,multiple studies have shown that various Western medicines,traditional Chinese medicine extracts,reasonable diet,and appropriate exercise can delay myocardial cell aging by improving antioxidant capacity,reducing oxidative stress reactions,improving mitochondrial function,and increasing autophagy.This review discusses the occurrence and intervention measures of myocardial cell aging,providing research directions for improving myocardial cell agi ng.