广州市60岁及以上老年人健康问题关注及求证行为研究

Study on the health problems concern and verification behavior of the elderly over 60 in Guangzhou

目的分析广州市60岁及以上老年人健康信息关注偏好及健康信息获取行为特点,为科普工作提供科学依据。方法利用专家评估法设计问卷,选取广州市老龄化程度较高的街道开展调查,采用单因素方差分析、二元logistic回归分析等方法开展研究。结果调查对象最关注营养与食品安全、中医保健、运动锻炼3个主题。医保类型(χ^(2)=496.325)、文化程度(χ^(2)=483.003)、基础病情况(χ^(2)=15.674)是关注“维持基本健康状态”主题的影响因素。调查对象主要通过等待电视/广播节目或官方机构发布等被动方式求证健康信息,有职工医保的调查对象被动求证行为更明显(OR=2.874,P<0.05)。结论建议有关部门多开展营养、保健、锻炼等方面的老年人健康科普活动,加强在电视/广播中的传播,加强家庭或代际反哺科普方式的宣传。

Objectives To provide scientific evidence for science popularization by conducting an investigation among the elderly over 60 in Guangzhou,Guangdong Province about their preference for health information and the characteristics of health information verification.Methods Design a questionnaire using expert evaluation and carry out on the areas with high aging rate in Guangzhou.Conduct research using methods such as one-way ANOVA and binary logistic regression analysis.Results The respondents were most concerned about:nutrition and food safety,Chinese traditional medical care and physical exercises.Types of health insurance(χ^(2)=496.325),educational level(χ^(2)=483.003),the situation of chronic diseases(χ^(2)=15.674)were the influence factors of paying attention to the topic of Maintaining Basic Health State.The subjects mainly used passive way to verify the health information such as waiting for official announcement on TV or radio,and official agencies releases.The survey subjects with employee medical insurance had more significant passive verification behavior(OR=2.874,P<0.05).Conclusion Relevant departments should organize science popularization activities for the elderly in areas such as nutrition,health care,and physical exercises,improve the health information promotion through TV or radio,and at the same time,enhance the publicity of family feedback or interge-nerational feedback science education methods.