2018—2022年邹城市梅毒发病情况及流行病学特征分析

Analysis of the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of syphilis in Zoucheng City from 2018 to 2022

目的了解邹城市梅毒流行病学特征,探讨梅毒流行的影响因素与防治策略。方法收集2018—2022年邹城市在中国疾病预防控制系统上报的梅毒病例数据,采用描述性流行病学方法对数据进行分析。结果2018—2022年邹城市共报告梅毒病例895例,年平均报告发病率为15.35/10万,总体呈下降趋势;2020—2022年各年份梅毒发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);以隐性梅毒为主,占总病例数的76.49%;年龄以20~<60岁为主,占72.63%;职业以农民、家务及待业为主,占76.09%。全市16个镇(街)均有病例报告,梅毒年平均发病率城区高于农村。结论近5年邹城市梅毒发病率呈下降趋势,但仍位居乙类传染病的前三位,因此,需要根据不同时间、人群、镇街的具体情况采取有针对性的预防控制措施,切实控制梅毒流行。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of syphilis in Zoucheng City,and to explore the influencing factors and prevention and control strategies for the prevalence of syphilis.Methods Collecting data on syphilis cases reported by the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention System in Zoucheng City from 2018 to 2022,and using descriptive epidemiological methods for analysis.Results A total of 895 syphilis cases were reported in Zoucheng City from 2018 to 2022,with an annual average reported incidence rate of 15.35/100000,showing a downward trend.There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of syphilis in the years from 2020 to 2022(P<0.05);the main cause was latent syphilis,accounting for 76.49%of the total cases;the age range was mainly between 20 and under 60 years old,accounting for 72.63%;the main occupations were farmers,household chores,and unemployed,accounting for 76.09%.All 16 towns(streets)in the city had reported cases,and the annual average incidence rate of syphilis in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas.Conclusion The incidence rate of syphilis in Zoucheng City has shown a downward trend in recent five years,but it still ranks in the top three of category B infectious diseases.Therefore,targeted prevention and control measures should be taken according to the specific conditions of different times,people and towns to effectively control the prevalence of syphilis.