复杂石墨阵列快速时变热耦合控制方法

Fast time-varying thermal coupling control method for complex graphite arrays

为了在高超声速飞行器结构热试验中准确模拟真实服役热环境,用快速时变热耦合控制方法对复杂石墨阵列进行控制.采用热耦合控制方法将瞬态热损失与瞬态黑体辐射量代入控制方程,实时获取试验件的真实热响应状态;研究了结构热试验热载荷典型历程及石墨阵列控制响应特性,设计了基于结构热试验的专家PID控制策略,给出了复杂石墨阵列全历程分段控制参数;研究了石墨阵列的电特性,设计了时变限伏控制策略,提高了石墨阵列的可靠性;设计了一种多温区耦合补偿控制方法,减小了温区间的耦合干扰.结果表明:试验得到的温度曲线与理论计算曲线在快速升温段的最大误差为4.8%,平稳段的最大误差为1.4%,下降段的最大误差为2.3%;有效减小了控制系统的超调量,提高了系统响应速度;使用快速时变热耦合控制方法在某试验中对复杂石墨阵列进行控制,控制误差小于1.2%.

To accurately simulate real service thermal environments during structural thermal test of hypersonic vehicles,fast time-varying thermal coupling control methods are used to control the complex graphite arrays.The transient heat loss and transient blackbody radiation are substituted into the control equation by the thermally coupled control method to realize the real-time acquisition of the real thermal response state of the test piece.Typical histories of thermal loads and graphite array control response characteristics for structural thermal tests are studied,an expert PID control strategy based on structural thermal test is designed,and the segmented control parameters for the full course of a complex graphite array are given.The electric characteristics of the graphite array are studied,and the time-varying voltage limit control strategy is designed to improve the reliability of the graphite array.A multi-temperature coupling compensation control method is designed to reduce the coupling interference between temperature zones.The results show that the maximum error between the experimental temperature curve and the theoretical calculation curve is 4.8%in the rapid warming section,1.4%in the smooth section,and 2.3%in the descending section.The overshoot of the control system is effectively reduced,and the system response speed is improved.The control error of complex graphite array is less than 1.2%using the fast time-varying thermally coupled control method in a test.