上海合作组织安全共同体的构建:成效、挑战与应对

Building the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Security Community:Achievements,Challenges and Responses

构建上海合作组织安全共同体是构建上海合作组织命运共同体的前提,它的提出标志着安全共同体的概念将首次应用于欧亚地区安全合作的实践中。上海合作组织安全共同体的构建遵循“信而不同”的模式,成员国相互信任的制度化使上海合作组织安全共同体的构建取得初步成效。然而,扩员后新老成员国悬而未决的争端以及成员国对上海合作组织的复杂认知,使上海合作组织安全共同体难以维持制度化的相互信任,上海合作组织安全共同体的构建面临挑战。为应对上述挑战,上海合作组织可以建立争端调解机制,避免争端“冲突化”,使相互信任可持续;深化经济合作,为相互信任赋能;在充分尊重各国主权和独特性的同时,通过人文交流使彼此间的信任内化,促进各国对“上海精神”和“新五观”的认同,进而推动上海合作组织安全共同体的构建走向成熟,并为全球安全共同体的构建提供“上合经验”。

Building the Shanghai Cooperation Organization(SCO)Security Community is a prerequisite for the construction of the SCO community with share future.This proposal marks the first time that the concept of security community will be applied to the practice of security cooperation in the Eurasian region.The building of the SCO Security Community follows the model of"Mutual Trust without Collective Identity".The institutionalization of mutual trust among member states has made initial achievements.However,pending disputes between the old and new member states and the complicated perceptions of the SCO among the members after the expansion make it difficult to maintain institutionalized mutual trust.Therefore,the establishment of the SCO Security Community faces challenges.To address the above challenges,first,the SCO should establish a dispute mediation mechanism to prevent disputes from becoming conflicts and make mutual trust sustainable.Second,the economic cooperation among SCO members should be deepened to foster mutual trust.Last but not least,while fully respecting the sovereignty and uniqueness of each country,SCO members can internalize their trust with a strong identity of the Shanghai Spirit and the New Five Concepts through people-to-people exchanges.These will provide"SCO experience"for the building of a global security community.