手工艺研究的一些新思考——论非物质文化遗产的物质性与流动性

Some New Perspectives on Handicraft Research:A Study of the Materiality and Mobility of Intangible Cultural Heritage

当前手工艺类非物质文化遗产研究多关注无形文化如技艺习得与技艺传承,容易忽略手工艺发展所依托的有形之物,即物质性基础的研究。人类学整体观视角下将非物质文化遗产作为一个整体,统合了物质与非物质,自然与文化。因此,研究者应对手工艺类非物质文化遗产的物质性与非物质性层面同时进行深度的考察。手工艺类非物质文化遗产作为整体性存在,还包括了流动性与可变性,它并非是凝滞的地方特色产物,其存在与发展始终伴随着与地方社会以外世界的连接与互动。

Current research on the intangible cultural heritage of handicrafts mostly focuses on such elements of intangible culture as skill acquisition and skill transmission,and tends to neglect the study of tangible things,that is,the material foundation on which the development of handicrafts is based.The anthropological holistic view of intangible cultural heritage as a whole integrates the tangible with the intangible,and nature with culture.Therefore,researchers should examine both the material and intangible dimensions of the intangible cultural heritage of handicrafts in depth.The intangible cultural heritage of handicrafts as a whole also includes mobility and variability because it is not a stagnant product with local characteristics,and its existence and development are always accompanied by connections and interactions with the world outside the local society.